Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the correct Lewis dot structure for the neutral compound NH2Cl?
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure
Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds
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Which of the following is the correct Lewis dot structure for a neutral molecule of methane (CH_4)?
A
A central C atom with four single bonds to four H atoms, and two lone pairs on C.
B
A central C atom with four single bonds to four H atoms, and no lone pairs on C.
C
A central C atom with one triple bond to one H atom, and three single bonds to three H atoms.
D
A central C atom with two double bonds to two H atoms, and two lone pairs on C.
Verified step by step guidance1
Recall that methane (CH_4) consists of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms.
Determine the number of valence electrons: Carbon has 4 valence electrons, and each hydrogen has 1 valence electron, so total valence electrons = 4 + (4 × 1) = 8 electrons.
Distribute these electrons to form bonds: Each hydrogen needs one electron to complete its duet, and carbon needs four electrons to complete its octet.
Form four single covalent bonds between the carbon atom and each hydrogen atom, using 2 electrons per bond, which accounts for all 8 valence electrons.
Verify the structure: Carbon has 8 electrons around it (octet complete) with no lone pairs, and each hydrogen has 2 electrons (duet complete), confirming the correct Lewis structure is a central carbon with four single bonds to four hydrogens and no lone pairs on carbon.
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