Table of contents

1. Intro to General Chemistry3h 48m
2. Atoms & Elements4h 16m
3. Chemical Reactions4h 10m
4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions48m
6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions3h 53m
7. Gases3h 49m
8. Thermochemistry2h 37m
9. Quantum Mechanics2h 58m
10. Periodic Properties of the Elements3h 9m
11. Bonding & Molecular Structure3h 29m
12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory1h 57m
13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces2h 23m
14. Solutions3h 1m
15. Chemical Kinetics2h 53m
16. Chemical Equilibrium2h 29m
17. Acid and Base Equilibrium5h 1m
18. Aqueous Equilibrium4h 47m
19. Chemical Thermodynamics1h 50m
20. Electrochemistry2h 42m
21. Nuclear Chemistry2h 36m
22. Organic Chemistry5h 7m
23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals2h 39m
24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds3h 16m

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds

General Chemistry

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

Lewis Dot Structures: Neutral Compounds

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the correct Lewis dot structure for the neutral compound NH2Cl?

Nitrogen is bonded to one hydrogen and two chlorines, with one lone pair on nitrogen.

Nitrogen is bonded to two hydrogens and one chlorine, with one lone pair on nitrogen.

Nitrogen is bonded to two hydrogens and one chlorine, with no lone pairs on nitrogen.

Nitrogen is bonded to three hydrogens and one chlorine, with no lone pairs on nitrogen.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Determine the total number of valence electrons for the molecule NH2Cl. Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons, each hydrogen has 1, and chlorine has 7. Add these together to find the total valence electrons available for bonding and lone pairs.

Step 2: Identify the central atom, which is usually the least electronegative element that can form multiple bonds. In NH2Cl, nitrogen is the central atom bonded to hydrogens and chlorine.

Step 3: Arrange the atoms around the central nitrogen atom. Since the formula is NH2Cl, nitrogen should be bonded to two hydrogens and one chlorine atom.

Step 4: Use the total valence electrons to form bonds between nitrogen and the attached atoms. Each bond (single bond) uses 2 electrons. After bonding, assign the remaining electrons as lone pairs, starting with the outer atoms (hydrogen and chlorine) and then on nitrogen if electrons remain.

Step 5: Check the octet rule for nitrogen and chlorine. Nitrogen typically has one lone pair in this molecule to complete its octet, while hydrogens have only 2 electrons each (bonding pair). Confirm that the structure matches the description: nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and one chlorine, with one lone pair on nitrogen.