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Multiple Choice
In the compound (often written as ), nitrogen occurs in two different ions: in and in . What are the oxidation numbers of nitrogen in these two ions (in the order then )?
A
and
B
and
C
and
D
and
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1
Identify the ions involved: ammonium ion (NH\_4\^+) and nitrite ion (NO\_2\^-). We need to find the oxidation number of nitrogen in each ion.
Recall that the sum of oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion equals the overall charge of the ion. For NH\_4\^+, the total charge is +1; for NO\_2\^-, the total charge is -1.
Assign the oxidation number of hydrogen as +1 (a common oxidation state for hydrogen when bonded to nonmetals). For NH\_4\^+, let the oxidation number of nitrogen be x. Set up the equation: x + 4(+1) = +1.
Solve for x in the ammonium ion: x + 4 = +1, so x = +1 - 4. This gives the oxidation number of nitrogen in NH\_4\^+.
For NO\_2\^-, assign oxygen an oxidation number of -2 (a common oxidation state for oxygen). Let the oxidation number of nitrogen be y. Set up the equation: y + 2(-2) = -1, then solve for y to find the oxidation number of nitrogen in NO\_2\^-.