Multiple Choice
On the pH scale, pH is a measure of what quantity in an aqueous solution?
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17. Acid and Base Equilibrium
The pH Scale
Multiple Choice
On-the-scalp hair lighteners are formulated to be alkaline to open the hair cuticle and promote oxidation. Which pH range best describes most on-the-scalp lighteners?
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Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the problem is asking about the pH range of on-the-scalp hair lighteners, which are formulated to be alkaline to open the hair cuticle and promote oxidation.
Recall that pH is a measure of acidity or alkalinity, where pH less than 7 is acidic, pH equal to 7 is neutral, and pH greater than 7 is alkaline (basic).
Recognize that since the lighteners need to be alkaline, their pH must be greater than 7 to effectively open the hair cuticle and facilitate the chemical oxidation process.
Evaluate the given pH ranges: 1–3 (acidic), 4–5 (slightly acidic), 6–7 (neutral to slightly acidic), and 9–11 (alkaline). Since the product must be alkaline, the correct pH range should be 9–11.
Conclude that most on-the-scalp hair lighteners have a pH range of 9 to 11 to ensure they are sufficiently alkaline for their intended chemical action.
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