Multiple Choice
How many valence electrons does a fluorine atom have?
4
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
Valence Electrons of Elements
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How many valence electrons does boron (B) have?
A
4
B
2
C
5
D
3
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the atomic number of boron (B), which is 5. This means boron has 5 electrons in total.
Determine the electron configuration of boron. The electrons fill orbitals in the order: 1s, 2s, 2p, etc.
Write the electron configuration for boron: $1s^2 2s^2 2p^1$.
Recognize that valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell (highest principal quantum number). For boron, this is the second shell (2s and 2p orbitals).
Count the electrons in the outermost shell: $2s^2$ (2 electrons) + $2p^1$ (1 electron) = 3 valence electrons.
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