Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for cesium (Cs)?
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10. Periodic Properties of the Elements
The Electron Configuration
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Which of the following is most likely to be found in a stable electron configuration?
A
completely filled energy sublevels
B
half-filled s orbitals
C
unpaired electrons in the outermost shell
D
partially filled p orbitals
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that a stable electron configuration is generally associated with arrangements of electrons that minimize the energy of an atom or ion.
Recall that completely filled energy sublevels (such as full s, p, d, or f orbitals) are particularly stable due to electron pairing and symmetrical distribution, which lowers the overall energy.
Recognize that half-filled orbitals (like half-filled p or d orbitals) also have some stability due to exchange energy and symmetry, but this is less stable than completely filled sublevels.
Note that unpaired electrons in the outermost shell usually indicate higher reactivity and less stability because these electrons tend to participate in chemical bonding to achieve a more stable configuration.
Conclude that among the options, completely filled energy sublevels represent the most stable electron configuration because they correspond to a lower energy, more stable state.
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