Multiple Choice
When you transfer energy into a substance, the molecules' kinetic energy:
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8. Thermochemistry
Kinetic & Potential Energy
Multiple Choice
Which of the following results in a general increase in potential energy?
A
a rock falling from a mountain slope
B
the removal of electrons from an atom
C
heating a cup of coffee
D
releasing a spring
E
All are examples of kinetic energy.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of potential energy: Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or state. It can be converted into kinetic energy when the object's position or state changes.
Identify the process that involves an increase in potential energy: Among the given options, the removal of electrons from an atom involves an increase in potential energy. This is because energy is required to overcome the attractive force between the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged nucleus.
Analyze the other options: A rock falling from a mountain slope, heating a cup of coffee, and releasing a spring are all processes that involve the conversion of potential energy into kinetic energy or thermal energy, not an increase in potential energy.
Consider the energy changes involved: When electrons are removed from an atom, energy is absorbed to overcome the electrostatic forces, resulting in an increase in the potential energy of the system.
Conclude that the removal of electrons from an atom is the correct answer as it involves an increase in potential energy, unlike the other options which involve energy release or conversion.
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