Multiple Choice
What is the pH of a 0.115 M hydrogen chromate ion (HCrO₄⁻) solution, given that the Ka of HCrO₄⁻ is 3.2 x 10⁻⁷?
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17. Acid and Base Equilibrium
pH of Weak Acids
Multiple Choice
3-nitrobenzoic acid is classified as which type of acid in water?
A
Neutral compound (does not affect pH)
B
Strong acid (completely ionizes in water)
C
Weak acid (partially ionizes in water)
D
Strong base
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the functional groups present in 3-nitrobenzoic acid. It contains a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and a nitro group (-NO2) attached to a benzene ring.
Recall that carboxylic acids are generally weak acids because they do not completely ionize in water; they partially dissociate to release H+ ions.
Understand the effect of the nitro group, which is an electron-withdrawing group. This group stabilizes the conjugate base formed after ionization, slightly increasing acidity compared to benzoic acid, but it does not make the acid strong.
Recognize that strong acids completely ionize in water, while weak acids only partially ionize. Since 3-nitrobenzoic acid partially ionizes, it fits the definition of a weak acid.
Conclude that 3-nitrobenzoic acid is classified as a weak acid in water because it partially ionizes, affecting the pH but not as strongly as a strong acid would.
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