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Multiple Choice
A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.5 mol of a non-volatile solute in 1.0 mol of water. Calculate the vapor pressure of water above this solution at 338 K, given that the vapor pressure of pure water at this temperature is 0.2467 atm.
A
0.1974 atm
B
0.1234 atm
C
0.2467 atm
D
0.1645 atm
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1
Identify the given values: 0.5 mol of non-volatile solute, 1.0 mol of water, and the vapor pressure of pure water at 338 K is 0.2467 atm.
Use Raoult's Law to calculate the vapor pressure of the solution. Raoult's Law states that the vapor pressure of the solvent above a solution (P_solution) is equal to the mole fraction of the solvent (X_solvent) times the vapor pressure of the pure solvent (P_pure). The formula is: .
Calculate the mole fraction of the solvent (water) using the formula: , where is the moles of water and is the moles of solute.
Substitute the values into the mole fraction formula: .
Substitute the mole fraction and the vapor pressure of pure water into Raoult's Law to find the vapor pressure of the solution: atm.