Multiple Choice
A compound has a melting point of 545 degrees Celsius and dissolves well in water. Which of the following best explains why it is soluble in water?
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6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions
Solubility Rules
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Which of the following substances is compatible with both water and oil, acting as an emulsifier?
A
Sucrose (C12H22O11)
B
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
C
Sodium stearate
D
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of an emulsifier: an emulsifier is a substance that can interact with both water (polar) and oil (nonpolar) phases, allowing them to mix and form a stable emulsion.
Analyze the polarity of each substance: water is polar, so substances that are polar or have both polar and nonpolar parts can interact with it; oil is nonpolar, so substances must have nonpolar characteristics to interact with oil.
Evaluate sucrose (C12H22O11): it is a sugar with many hydroxyl (–OH) groups, making it highly polar and soluble in water, but it lacks nonpolar parts to interact with oil effectively.
Evaluate calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl): both are ionic compounds that dissolve well in water but do not have nonpolar regions to interact with oil, so they cannot act as emulsifiers.
Evaluate sodium stearate: it is a salt of a fatty acid with a long nonpolar hydrocarbon chain and a polar carboxylate group, allowing it to interact with both oil (via the hydrocarbon tail) and water (via the polar head), making it an effective emulsifier.
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