Which of the following conditions indicates that a chemical reaction is spontaneous at constant temperature and pressure?

Consider the following reaction: I2(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ 2ICl(g) with Kp = 81.9 at 25 °C. Calculate ΔG⁰rxn for the reaction at 25 °C under equilibrium conditions. Express your answer in kilojoules.

Consider the following reaction: I2(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ 2ICl(g) with Kp = 81.9 at 25 °C. Calculate ΔG⁰rxn for the reaction at 25 °C under standard conditions.

Consider the oxidation of NO to NO2: NO(g) + 1/2 O2(g) → NO2(g). Calculate ΔG°rxn at 25 °C given the following standard Gibbs free energies of formation: ΔG°f(NO) = 86.6 kJ/mol, ΔG°f(O2) = 0 kJ/mol, ΔG°f(NO2) = 51.3 kJ/mol.

For the vaporization of benzene, ΔHvap = 30.7 kJ/mol and ΔSvap = 87.0 J/(K·mol). Does benzene boil at 75 °C and 1 atm pressure?

Which of the following conditions indicates that a chemical reaction is spontaneous at constant temperature and pressure?

Which of the following conditions will result in a spontaneous reaction at standard conditions according to the Gibbs free energy equation ΔG°rxn = ΔH°rxn - TΔS°rxn?

Gibbs free energy is a measure of the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It is the chemical potential for a reaction and is minimized at equilibrium. The change in Gibbs free energy can be calculated by ΔG°_rxn = ΔH°_rxn - TΔS°_rxn where ΔG°_rxn is:

Given ΔH°rxn = -95 kJ, ΔS°rxn = 157 J/K, and T = 855 K, calculate the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and predict whether this reaction is spontaneous at the given temperature. Choose from the following options: