Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between strong and weak electrolytes when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

Strong electrolytes dissociate completely into ions, while weak electrolytes only partially dissociate into ions.

Question 2

A student mixes aqueous solutions of sodium sulfate and barium chloride. Which of the following best describes what will occur?

Accepted Answer

A white precipitate of barium sulfate will form because it is insoluble in water.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly relates the energy of a photon to its frequency?

Accepted Answer

$$E = h 
u$$

Question 4

A 50.0 mL sample of 0.200 M HCl is titrated with 0.100 M NaOH. What volume of NaOH is required to reach the equivalence point?

Accepted Answer

100.0 mL

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed or transferred.

Question 6

A reaction occurs in a closed container at constant pressure. The system absorbs 150 J of heat and does 50 J of work on the surroundings. What is the change in internal energy ($$\Delta E) of $$the system?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta E = 100 \ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct application of Hess’s Law?

Accepted Answer

The enthalpy change for a reaction can be calculated by adding the enthalpy changes of steps that sum to the overall reaction.

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why the electronic configuration of $$^{10}\mathrm{B}$$ and $$^{11}\mathrm{B}$$ are the same?

Accepted Answer

Both isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, differing only in the number of neutrons.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is impossible to simultaneously know the exact position and momentum of an electron.

Question 10

A sample of 2.00 g of glucose ($$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6) is $$burned in a calorimeter. The temperature of 500.0 g of water increases by $$3.00^\circ\mathrm{C}. $$What is the heat released by the glucose combustion? ($$c_s$$ for water $$= 4.18 \ \mathrm{J/g}^\circ\mathrm{C})$$

Accepted Answer

$$q = 6270 \ \mathrm{J}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a state function and a path function?

Accepted Answer

A state function depends only on the current state of the system, not on how it got there.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct relationship between wavelength ($$\lambda$$), frequency ($$
u$$), and the speed of light ($$c$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$c = \lambda 
u$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{BF}_3$$ has a different mass percentage of fluorine when boron-10 is used instead of boron-11?

Accepted Answer

The total molar mass of $$^{10}\mathrm{BF}_3 is $$less than that of $$^{11}\mathrm{BF}_3$$, so the percentage of fluorine by mass is higher in $$^{10}\mathrm{BF}_3.$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct molecular equation for the reaction between potassium phosphate and silver nitrate?

Accepted Answer

$$2\mathrm{AgNO}_3(aq) + \mathrm{K}_3\mathrm{PO}_4(aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{Ag}_3\mathrm{PO}_4(s) + 3\mathrm{KNO}_3(aq)$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the energy transformations when trinitroglycerin is used as an explosive?

Accepted Answer

Chemical potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, heat, and work done on the surroundings.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the quantum numbers for an electron in an atom?

Accepted Answer

For a given value of $$n$$, $$l$$ can have integer values from $$0 to$$ $$n-1.$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a common acid-neutralizing agent found in antacids?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium hydroxide, $$\mathrm{Mg(OH)}_2$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes why the melting point of trinitroglycerin is low?

Accepted Answer

It is a molecular compound with weak intermolecular forces.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula to calculate the heat absorbed or released by a substance?

Accepted Answer

$$q = C_s 	imes m 	imes \Delta T$$

General Chemistry Study Guide: Reactions in Aqueous Solution, Thermochemistry, and Electronic Structure

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