Textbook Question
The fluoride ion reacts with water to produce HF. (c) Is fluoride acting as a Lewis acid or as a Lewis base when reacting with water?
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Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement140
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions192
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry172
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution156
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry151
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms137
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements127
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding143
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories167
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces97
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials129
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics175
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium107
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria127
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria133
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment88
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics140
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry137
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry99
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals66
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry69
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry11
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 16, Problem 96
Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base in each of the following reactions:
(a) HNO2(aq) + OH-(aq) ⇌ NO2-(aq) + H2O(l)
(b) FeBr3(s) + Br-(aq) ⇌ FeBr4-(aq)
(c) Zn2+(aq) + 4 NH3(aq) ⇌ Zn(NH3)42+(aq)
(d) SO2(g) + H2O(l) ⇌ H2SO3(aq)
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the species involved in the reaction: FeBr3(s) and Br^-(aq).
Recall the definition of a Lewis acid: a species that can accept an electron pair.
Recall the definition of a Lewis base: a species that can donate an electron pair.
Determine which species is accepting an electron pair: FeBr3 is accepting an electron pair from Br^- to form FeBr4^-.
Determine which species is donating an electron pair: Br^- is donating an electron pair to FeBr3, making Br^- the Lewis base.
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Lewis Acids and Bases
Lewis acids are substances that can accept an electron pair, while Lewis bases are those that can donate an electron pair. This theory expands the definition of acids and bases beyond protons, focusing instead on electron pair interactions. Understanding this concept is crucial for identifying the roles of reactants in chemical reactions.
Recommended video:
Guided course
05:04
Lewis Acids and Bases
Electron Pair Donation
In the context of Lewis acid-base theory, electron pair donation refers to the process by which a Lewis base donates a pair of electrons to a Lewis acid. This interaction forms a coordinate covalent bond, which is essential in many chemical reactions. Recognizing which species donates and which accepts electrons is key to determining the acid-base roles in a reaction.
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00:47Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory
Coordination Complexes
Coordination complexes are formed when a central metal atom or ion binds to surrounding ligands through coordinate covalent bonds. In the given reaction, the formation of FeBr4- involves the coordination of bromide ions to the iron center. Understanding how these complexes form helps in identifying the Lewis acid and base in the reaction.
Recommended video:
Guided course
00:43Coordination Complexes Example
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Indicate whether each of the following statements is correct or incorrect. (c) Conjugate acids of weak bases produce more acidic solutions than conjugate acids of strong bases.
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Textbook Question
Identify the Lewis acid and Lewis base among the reactants in each of the following reactions:
(a) Fe(ClO4)3(s) + 6 H2O(l) ⇌ [Fe(H2O)6]3+(aq) + 3 ClO4-(aq)
(b) CN-(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ HCN(aq) + OH-(aq)
(c) (CH3)3N(g) + BF3(g) ⇌ (CH3)NBF3(s)
(d) HIO(lq) + NH2-(lq) ⇌ NH3(lq) + IO-(lq) (lq denotes liquid ammonia as solvent)
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Textbook Question
A solution is made by adding 0.300 g Ca1OH221s2, 50.0 mL of 1.40 M HNO3, and enough water to make a final volume of 75.0 mL. Assuming that all of the solid dissolves, what is the pH of the final solution?
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