Textbook Question
Identify each statement as true or false: (b) Li+ is smaller than Li.
371
views
Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement111
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions166
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry138
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution127
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry104
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms109
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements107
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding102
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories120
- Ch.10 - Gases122
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces79
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials102
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions99
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics153
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium83
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria109
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria117
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment60
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics109
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry113
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry79
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals52
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry57
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry7
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 7, Problem 25
Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of atoms in order from largest to smallest: (a) Ar, As, Kr (b) Cd, Rb, Te (c) F, O, N.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the position of each element (F, O, N) on the periodic table. Note that they are located in the second period.
Understand that atomic size decreases across a period from left to right due to the increase in the number of protons in the nucleus, which pulls the electrons closer.
Locate the elements in the periodic table: Nitrogen (N) is in Group 15, Oxygen (O) is in Group 16, and Fluorine (F) is in Group 17.
Since atomic size decreases from left to right across a period, the order from largest to smallest atomic size in the second period for these elements is N > O > F.
Arrange the atoms accordingly based on their atomic size: Nitrogen (N) is the largest, followed by Oxygen (O), and Fluorine (F) is the smallest.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
3mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Atomic Radius
The atomic radius is a measure of the size of an atom, typically defined as the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell. Atomic radius generally decreases across a period from left to right due to increased nuclear charge, which pulls electrons closer to the nucleus. Conversely, it increases down a group as additional electron shells are added, resulting in larger atomic sizes.
Periodic Trends
Periodic trends refer to the predictable patterns observed in the properties of elements as you move across or down the periodic table. Key trends include atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity. Understanding these trends helps in predicting the behavior of elements, such as their size, reactivity, and bonding characteristics.
Recommended video:
Guided course
00:38
Periodic Trends
Electronegativity
Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond. While it primarily influences bonding behavior, it is also related to atomic size; smaller atoms with higher electronegativity tend to have stronger attractions for electrons. This concept is important for understanding how elements interact and form compounds.
Recommended video:
Guided course
02:10Electronegativity Trends
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal in the periodic table: 3422°C. The distance between the centers of W atoms in tungsten metal is 2.74 Å. c. If you put tungsten metal under high pressure, predict what would happen to the distance between W atoms.
2
views
Textbook Question
Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal in the periodic table: 3422°C. The distance between the centers of W atoms in tungsten metal is 2.74 Å. a. What is the atomic radius of a tungsten atom in this environment? (This radius is called the metallic radius.)
2
views
Textbook Question
Identify each statement as true or false: (a) Cations are larger than their corresponding neutral atoms.
540
views
Textbook Question
Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of atoms in order of increasing radius. b. In, Sn, As
2
views
Textbook Question
Which of the following statements about the bonding atomic radii in Figure 7.7 is incorrect? (i) For a given period, the radii of the representative elements generally decrease from left to right across a period. (ii) The radii of the representative elements for the n = 3 period are all larger than those of the corresponding elements in the n = 2 period. (iii) For most of the representative elements, the change in radius from the n = 2 to the n = 3 period is greater than the change in radius from n = 3 to n = 4. (iv) The radii of the transition elements generally increase moving from left to right within a period. (v) The large radii of the Group 1 elements are due to their relatively small effective nuclear charges.
1124
views