Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions

McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145Not the one you use?Change textbook

McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions

Problem 41c

Chapter 2, Problem 41c

Which represents an F atom with one minus charge (F-)? (a)
(b)
(c)

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Identify the atomic number of fluorine (F) from the periodic table, which is 9.

Understand that a neutral fluorine atom has 9 protons and 9 electrons.

Recognize that an F atom with a one minus charge (F-) means it has gained an extra electron.

Calculate the total number of electrons in F- by adding one electron to the neutral atom's electron count, resulting in 10 electrons.

Conclude that F- has 9 protons and 10 electrons, representing a fluoride ion.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Atomic Structure

An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in various energy levels. The number of protons defines the element, while electrons determine its charge. For an F atom, there are 9 protons and typically 9 electrons, resulting in a neutral charge.

Ionic Charge

An ionic charge occurs when an atom gains or loses electrons, resulting in a net charge. An F atom with a one minus charge (F-) has gained an extra electron, bringing its total to 10 electrons. This additional electron gives the atom a negative charge, indicating it is an anion.

Electron Configuration

Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. For a neutral fluorine atom, the configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁵. When it becomes F-, the configuration changes to 1s² 2s² 2p⁶, indicating a full outer shell, which is a stable arrangement.

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