Textbook Question
Draw the structure of the following complexes. What are the oxidation state, coordination number, and coordination geometry of the metal in each?
(b) [Cr(NH3)2(C2O4)2]NO2
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Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement143
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions134
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions149
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution157
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms92
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory73
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures47
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure51
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy104
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior138
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes43
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials56
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties98
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics79
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium107
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases94
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria125
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium66
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry130
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry73
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements155
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry43
Chapter 21, Problem 69
What is the formula, including the charge, for each of the following complexes?
(a) An iron(III) complex with six water ligands
(b) A nickel(II) complex with two ethylenediamine and two bromide ligands
(c) A platinum(II) complex with two chloride and two ammonia ligands
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the oxidation state of the central metal ion in each complex. For (a) iron(III) indicates an oxidation state of +3 for iron. For (b) nickel(II) indicates an oxidation state of +2 for nickel. For (c) platinum(II) indicates an oxidation state of +2 for platinum.
Determine the charge contributed by each ligand. Water (H2O) is a neutral ligand, so it contributes 0 charge. Ethylenediamine (en) is also a neutral ligand, contributing 0 charge. Bromide (Br-) is an anionic ligand, contributing -1 charge per ligand. Chloride (Cl-) and ammonia (NH3) are similar, with chloride contributing -1 charge per ligand and ammonia being neutral.
Calculate the total charge of the complex by adding the charges of the central metal ion and the ligands. For (a), since all ligands are neutral, the charge of the complex is the same as the charge of the metal ion. For (b) and (c), sum the charges of the metal ion and the charges contributed by the anionic ligands.
Write the formula of the complex by placing the central metal ion first, followed by the ligands in alphabetical order within square brackets. The overall charge of the complex is written outside the brackets.
For (a), the formula is [Fe(H2O)6]^{3+}. For (b), the formula is [Ni(en)2Br2]^{2+}. For (c), the formula is [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]^{2+}.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Coordination Complexes
Coordination complexes consist of a central metal atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions called ligands. The nature of these bonds can vary, with ligands donating electron pairs to the metal, forming coordinate covalent bonds. Understanding the structure and bonding in these complexes is essential for determining their chemical formulas and charges.
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00:43
Coordination Complexes Example
Oxidation States
The oxidation state of a metal in a coordination complex indicates its charge and is crucial for writing the correct formula. For example, iron(III) indicates an oxidation state of +3, while nickel(II) indicates +2. Knowing the oxidation states helps in balancing the overall charge of the complex when combined with the charges of the ligands.
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02:42Oxidation Numbers
Ligands and Their Charges
Ligands can be neutral or charged, and their nature affects the overall charge of the coordination complex. Water (H2O) is a neutral ligand, while ethylenediamine (en) is also neutral, but bromide (Br-) and chloride (Cl-) are negatively charged. Identifying the type and charge of each ligand is essential for accurately determining the total charge of the complex.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Identify the oxidation state of the metal in each of the following compounds.
(a) Co(NH3)3(NO2)3
(b) [Ag(NH3)2]NO3
(c) K3[Cr(C2O4)2Cl2]
(d) Cs[CuCl2]
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Textbook Question
Draw the structure of the following complexes. What are the oxidation state, coordination number, and coordination geometry of the metal in each?
(a) Na[Au(CN)2]
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Textbook Question
What is the formula, including the charge, for each of the following complexes?
(a) An iridium(III) complex with three ammonia and three chloride ligands
(b) A chromium(III) complex with two water and two oxalate ligands
(c) A platinum(IV) complex with two ethylenediamine and two thiocyanate ligands
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