Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145Not the one you use?Change textbook

McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Problem 8

Chapter 3, Problem 8

The diagram represents a mixture of AB2 and B2 before it reacts to form AB3. (Red spheres = A, blue spheres = B.) Which reactant is limiting, and how many AB3 molecules are formed? (LO 3.7)
(a) B2 is limiting, and 10 molecules of AB3 are formed. (b) B2 is limiting, and 4 molecules of AB3 are formed. (c) AB2 is limiting, and 6 molecules of AB3 are formed. (d) AB2 is limiting, and 4 molecules of AB3 are formed

Verified step by step guidance

Count the number of AB2 molecules in the diagram. Each AB2 molecule consists of one yellow sphere (A) and two blue spheres (B).

Count the number of B2 molecules in the diagram. Each B2 molecule consists of two blue spheres (B).

Determine the number of B atoms available from the B2 molecules by multiplying the number of B2 molecules by 2.

Determine the number of AB3 molecules that can be formed by using the available B atoms from both AB2 and B2 molecules. Each AB3 molecule requires one A atom and three B atoms.

Identify the limiting reactant by comparing the number of AB3 molecules that can be formed with the available A and B atoms. The reactant that runs out first is the limiting reactant.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Limiting Reactant

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed. In this scenario, identifying which reactant (AB2 or B2) is limiting is crucial for calculating the number of AB3 molecules produced.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry involves the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced chemical equations. Understanding the stoichiometric ratios between AB2 and B2 is essential to determine how many molecules of AB3 can be formed from the available reactants.

Molecular Representation

Molecular representation uses symbols or diagrams to illustrate the composition and structure of molecules. In this question, the diagram shows the arrangement of A and B atoms, which helps visualize the reactants and their proportions, aiding in the identification of the limiting reactant and the amount of product formed.

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A can of diet soda contains 180 mg of the low-calorie sugar substitute aspartame (C14H18N2O5). How many molecules of aspartame are in the can of soda? (LO 3.4) (a) 3.7 * 10^23 (b) 3.7 * 10^20 (c) 3.2 * 10^25 (d) 1.2 * 10^22

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If 42.85 grams of salicylic acid reacts with excess acetic anhydride and produces 48.47 grams of aspirin, what is the percent yield of the reaction? (LO 3.6) (a) 88.40% (b) 64.69%(c) 86.72% (d) 78.74%

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Textbook Question

Silver sulfide, the tarnish on silverware, comes from the reaction of silver metal with hydrogen sulfide (H₂S).The unbalanced equation is: Ag + H₂S + O₂ --> Ag₂S + H₂O Unbalanced If the reaction was used intentionally to prepare Ag₂S, how many grams would be formed from 496 g of Ag, 80.0 g of H₂S, and excess O₂ if the reaction takes place in 90% yield? (LO 3.9) (a) 525 g (b) 1139 g (c) 583 g (d) 1025

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Textbook Question

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