Name: Chemistry
Author: McMurry
ISBN: 9781292336145

Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Back

All textbooks

McMurry 8th Edition

Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Problem 59

A sample that weighs 107.75 g is a mixture of 30% helium atoms and 70% krypton atoms. How many particles are present in the sample?

Problem 60

Titanium metal is obtained from the mineral rutile, TiO2. How many kilograms of rutile are needed to produce 100.0 kg of Ti?

Problem 64a

Magnesium metal burns in oxygen to form magnesium oxide, MgO. (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction.

Problem 64b

Magnesium metal burns in oxygen to form magnesium oxide, MgO. (b) How many grams of oxygen are needed to react with 25.0 g of Mg? How many grams of MgO will result?

Problem 64c

Magnesium metal burns in oxygen to form magnesium oxide, MgO. (c) How many grams of Mg are needed to react with 25.0 g of O2? How many grams of MgO will result?

Problem 65

Ethylene gas, C2H4, reacts with water at high temperature to yield ethyl alcohol, C2H6O. (a) How many grams of ethylene are needed to react with 0.133 mol of H2O? How many grams of ethyl alcohol will result? (b) How many grams of water are needed to react with 0.371 mol of ethylene? How many grams of ethyl alcohol will result?

Problem 66

Pure oxygen was first made by heating mercury(II) oxide: HgO --> (heat) Hg + O2 Unbalanced (a) Balance the equation. (b) How many grams of mercury and how many grams of oxygen are formed from 45.5 g of HgO? (c) How many grams of HgO would you need to obtain 33.3 g of O2

Problem 67

Titanium dioxide (TiO2), the substance used as the pigment in white paint, is prepared industrially by reaction of TiCl4 with O2 at high temperature. TiCl4 + O2 --> (heat) TiO2 + 2 Cl2 How many kilograms of TiO2 can be prepared from 5.60 kg of TiCl4?

Problem 68

Silver metal reacts with chlorine (Cl2) to yield silver chlo-ride. If 2.00 g of Ag reacts with 0.657 g of Cl2, what is the empirical formula of silver chloride?

Problem 69

Aluminum reacts with oxygen to yield aluminum oxide. If 5.0 g of Al reacts with 4.45 g of O2, what is the empirical formula of aluminum oxide?

Problem 70

The industrial production of hydriodic acid takes place by treatment of iodine with hydrazine (N2H4): 2 I2 + N2H4 --> 4 HI + N2 (b) How many grams of HI are produced from the reaction of 115.7 g of N2H4 with excess iodine

Problem 71a

An alternative method for producing hydriodic acid is the reaction of iodine with hydrogen sulfide: H₂S + I₂ → 2 HI + S (a) How many grams of I₂ are needed to react with 49.2 g of H₂S?

Problem 71b

An alternative method for producing hydriodic acid is the reaction of iodine with hydrogen sulfide:H₂S + I₂ → 2 HI + S (b) How many grams of HI are produced from the reaction of 95.4 g of H₂S with excess I₂?

Problem 72a

Nickel(II) sulfate, used for nickel plating, is prepared by treat-ment of nickel(II) carbonate with sulfuric acid: NiCO₃ + H₂SO₄ → NiSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O (a) How many grams of H₂SO₄ are needed to react with 14.5 g of NiCO₃?

Problem 72b

Nickel(II) sulfate, used for nickel plating, is prepared by treat-ment of nickel(II) carbonate with sulfuric acid: NiCO₃ + H₂SO₄ → NiSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

(b) How many grams of NiSO4 are obtained if the yield is 78.9%?

Problem 73a

Hydrazine, N₂H₄, once used as a rocket propellant, reacts with oxygen: N₂H₄ + O₂ → N₂ + 2 H₂O (a) How many grams of O2 are needed to react with 50.0 g of N₂H₄?

Problem 73b

Hydrazine, N₂H₄, once used as a rocket propellant, reacts with oxygen: N₂H₄ + O₂ → N₂ + 2 H₂O (b) How many grams of N₂ are obtained if the yield is 85.5%?

Problem 74

Assume that you have 1.39 mol of H2 and 3.44 mol of N2. How many grams of ammonia (NH3) can you make, and how many grams of which reactant will be left over? 3 H2 + N2 --> NH3

Problem 75

Hydrogen and chlorine react to yield hydrogen chloride: H2 + Cl2 ¡ 2 HCl. How many grams of HCl are formed from reaction of 3.56 g of H2 with 8.94 g of Cl2? Which reactant is limiting?

Problem 76

How many grams of the dry-cleaning solvent 1,2-dichloroethane (also called ethylene chloride), C₂H₄Cl₂, can be prepared by reaction of 15.4 g of ethylene, C₂H₄, with 3.74 g of Cl₂?

Problem 77a

How many grams of each product result from the following reactions, and how many grams of which reactant is left over? (a)

Problem 77b

How many grams of each product result from the following reactions, and how many grams of which reactant is left over? (b)

Problem 78

Limestone (CaCO₃) reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the equation CaCO₃ + 2 HCl ---> CaCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂. If 1.00 mol of CO₂ has a volume of 22.4 L under the reaction conditions, how many liters of gas can be formed by reaction of 2.35 g of CaCO₃ with 2.35 g of HCl? Which reactant is limiting?

Problem 79

Sodium azide (NaN3) yields N2 gas when heated to 300 °C, a reaction used in automobile air bags. If 1.00 mol of N2 has a volume of 47.0 L under the reaction conditions, how many liters of gas can be formed by heating 38.5 g of NaN3? The reaction is

Problem 80

Acetic acid (CH3CO2H) reacts with isopentyl alcohol (C5H12O) to yield isopentyl acetate (C7H14O2), a fragrant substance with the odor of bananas. If the yield from the reaction of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol is 45%, how many grams of isopentyl acetate are formed from 3.58 g of acetic acid and 4.75 g of isopentyl alcohol? The reaction is CH3CO2H + C5H12O ---> C7H14O2 + H2O

Problem 81

Cisplatin [Pt(NH3)2Cl2], a compound used in cancer treat-ment, is prepared by reaction of ammonia with potassium tetrachloroplatinate: K2PtCl4 + 2 NH3 ----> 2 KCl + Pt(NH3)2Cl2 How many grams of cisplatin are formed from 55.8 g of K2PtCl4 and 35.6 g of NH3 if the reaction takes place in 95% yield based on the limiting reactant?

Problem 82

If 1.87 g of acetic acid (CH3COOH) reacts with 2.31 g of isopentyl alcohol (C5H12O) to give 2.96 g of isopentyl acetate (C7H14O2), what is the percent yield of the reaction?