Textbook Question
Calculate mass (in grams) of sodium in 8.5 g of each sodium containing food additive. a. NaCl (table salt) b. Na3PO4 (sodium phosphate) c. NaC7H5O2 (sodium benzoate) d. Na2C6H6O7 (sodium hydrogen citrate)
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Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds
Tro5th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780134874371
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving93
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements94
- Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds103
- Ch.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities44
- Ch.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Solutions69
- Ch.6 - Gases97
- Ch.7 - Thermochemistry85
- Ch.8 - The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom48
- Ch.9 - Periodic Properties of the Elements73
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model76
- Ch.11 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, VSEPR & MO Theory70
- Ch.12 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces41
- Ch.13 - Solids & Modern Materials40
- Ch.14 - Solutions76
- Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics90
- Ch.16 - Chemical Equilibrium56
- Ch.17 - Acids and Bases121
- Ch.18 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium127
- Ch.19 - Free Energy & Thermodynamics78
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry87
- Ch.21 - Radioactivity & Nuclear Chemistry60
- Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry115
Chapter 3, Problem 81a
Determine the number of moles of hydrogen atoms in each sample. a. 0.0885 mol C4H10 b. 1.3 mol CH4
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the molecular formula of the compound. In this case, it's C4H10, which means there are 4 atoms of Carbon (C) and 10 atoms of Hydrogen (H) in one molecule of the compound.
Step 2: Understand that a mole of a substance contains Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) of entities (atoms, molecules, etc.). Therefore, one mole of C4H10 contains 10 moles of Hydrogen atoms.
Step 3: Use the given amount of moles of C4H10 to find the moles of Hydrogen atoms. Since one mole of C4H10 contains 10 moles of Hydrogen atoms, multiply the given moles of C4H10 by 10.
Step 4: The result from step 3 will give you the number of moles of Hydrogen atoms in the sample.
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Mole Concept
The mole is a fundamental unit in chemistry that quantifies the amount of substance. One mole contains approximately 6.022 x 10^23 entities, such as atoms or molecules. This concept allows chemists to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of particles it contains, facilitating stoichiometric calculations.
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Mole Concept
Chemical Formula
A chemical formula represents the composition of a compound, indicating the types and numbers of atoms present. For example, C4H10 (butane) consists of 4 carbon (C) atoms and 10 hydrogen (H) atoms. Understanding the chemical formula is essential for determining the number of moles of specific atoms within a compound.
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Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the area of chemistry that deals with the relationships between the quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions. It allows for the calculation of moles of different substances based on their ratios in a balanced equation. In this case, stoichiometry helps determine the number of moles of hydrogen atoms from the given moles of butane.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Determine the number of moles of oxygen atoms in each sample. a. 4.88 mol H2O2 b. 2.15 mol N2O c. 0.0237 mol H2CO3 d. 24.1 mol CO2
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Textbook Question
Silver chloride, often used in silver plating, contains 75.27% Ag by mass. Calculate the mass of silver chloride required to plate 155 mg of pure silver.
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Textbook Question
Determine the number of moles of hydrogen atoms in each sample. c. 2.4 mol C6H12
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Textbook Question
Copper(II) fluoride contains 37.42% F by mass. Calculate the mass of fluorine (in g) in 55.5 g of copper(II) fluoride.
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Textbook Question
The iodide ion is a dietary mineral essential to good nutrition. In countries where potassium iodide is added to salt, iodine deficiency (or goiter) has been almost completely eliminated. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for iodine is 150 mg/day. How much potassium iodide (76.45% I) should you consume if you want to meet the RDA?
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