Multiple Choice
Which statement explains why bacteria are commonly used as vectors in genetic engineering?
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5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses
Bacterial Transformation
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Which process describes the transfer of DNA fragments from a dead bacterial cell to a living bacterial cell, resulting in genetic change in the recipient?
A
Translation
B
Transformation
C
Transduction
D
Conjugation
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the question is asking about a process where DNA fragments from a dead bacterial cell are taken up by a living bacterial cell, causing a genetic change in the recipient.
Recall the definitions of the three main bacterial gene transfer processes: Transformation, Transduction, and Conjugation.
Transformation is the process where a living bacterial cell takes up free DNA fragments released from a dead bacterial cell and incorporates them into its own genome.
Transduction involves the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another via a bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria), not directly from dead cells.
Conjugation requires direct cell-to-cell contact and transfer of DNA through a pilus, which is different from uptake of free DNA fragments.
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