Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

11. Translation

Transfer RNA

Genetics

11. Translation

Transfer RNA

Previous problemNext problem

2:01 minutes

Problem 11b

Textbook Question

Consider translation of the following mRNA sequence:
5′-...AUGCAGAUCCAUGCCUAUUGA...-3′
What is the anticodon triplet sequence of the next tRNA to interact with mRNA?

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the mRNA sequence provided: 5′-AUGCAGAUCCAUGCCUAUUGA-3′. Translation begins at the start codon AUG.

Determine the codon sequence of the mRNA by dividing it into triplets starting from AUG: AUG, CAG, AUC, CAU, GCC, UAU, UGA. Note that UGA is a stop codon and does not code for an amino acid.

Focus on the second codon after AUG, which is CAG. This codon will be the next one to interact with a tRNA molecule.

Recall that tRNA molecules have anticodons that are complementary to the mRNA codons. Complementary base pairing rules are: A pairs with U, U pairs with A, G pairs with C, and C pairs with G.

Using the complementary base pairing rules, determine the anticodon for the codon CAG. The anticodon will be GUC.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

mRNA and Codons

mRNA, or messenger RNA, is a single-stranded nucleic acid that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during translation. Understanding the codon sequence is essential for determining which tRNA will bind to the mRNA.

tRNA and Anticodons

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA that helps decode mRNA sequences into proteins. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon, a triplet of nucleotides that is complementary to a specific mRNA codon. The interaction between the tRNA anticodon and the mRNA codon ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain during translation.

Translation Process

Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information encoded in mRNA. It involves initiation, elongation, and termination phases, where tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome according to the sequence of codons in the mRNA. Understanding this process is crucial for determining how the anticodon of tRNA pairs with the mRNA codon during protein synthesis.

Watch next

Master tRNA with a bite sized video explanation from Kylia

Start learning

Related Videos

Related Practice

Textbook Question

For each of the anticodon sequences given in the previous problem, identify the other codon sequence to which it could potentially pair using third base wobble.

286

views

Textbook Question

To carry out its role, each transfer RNA requires at least four specific recognition sites that must be inherent in its tertiary structure. What are they?

352

views

Textbook Question

What are isoaccepting tRNAs? Assuming that there are only 20 different aminoacyl tRNA synthetases but 31 different tRNAs, speculate on parameters that might be used to ensure that each charged tRNA has received the correct amino acid.

1101

views

Textbook Question

Consider translation of the following mRNA sequence:

5′-...AUGCAGAUCCAUGCCUAUUGA...-3′

What events occur to permit the next tRNA to interact with mRNA?

406

views

Textbook Question

Consider translation of the following mRNA sequence:

5′-...AUGCAGAUCCAUGCCUAUUGA...-3′

Diagram translation at the moment the fourth amino acid is added to the polypeptide chain. Show the ribosome; label its A, P, and E sites; show its direction of movement; and indicate the position and anticodon triplet sequence of tRNAs that are currently interacting with mRNA codons.

630

views

Textbook Question

Describe the roles and relationships between tRNA anticodon sequences and mRNA codon sequences.

749

views

Textbook Question

Describe the roles and relationships between tRNA synthetases and tRNA molecules.

508

views

Textbook Question

For each of the following tRNA anticodon sequences, give the sequence of the corresponding codon sequence, the amino acid carried by the tRNA, and the corresponding DNA coding strand sequence and polarity.

3′-UAC-5′

555

views

Show more practices