Multiple Choice
In the context of X-inactivation, where is heterochromatin not commonly located?
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3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance
X-Inactivation
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In eukaryotic cells, which process is primarily prevented by heterochromatin formation during X-inactivation?
A
DNA replication of the inactivated X chromosome
B
Transcription of genes on the inactivated X chromosome
C
Translation of mRNA from the inactivated X chromosome
D
Splicing of pre-mRNA on the inactivated X chromosome
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA, which generally makes the DNA less accessible to the cellular machinery responsible for gene expression.
Recall that X-inactivation in eukaryotic cells involves the formation of heterochromatin on one of the X chromosomes in females, leading to its transcriptional silencing.
Identify the main processes involved in gene expression: transcription (DNA to RNA), RNA processing (such as splicing), and translation (RNA to protein).
Recognize that heterochromatin formation primarily prevents the process of transcription, meaning the genes on the inactivated X chromosome are not transcribed into RNA.
Conclude that while DNA replication, splicing, and translation are important cellular processes, heterochromatin specifically blocks transcription of genes on the inactivated X chromosome.
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