Multiple Choice
In the context of the fundamentals of genetics, what is the phenotype of an organism?
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1. Introduction to Genetics
Fundamentals of Genetics
Multiple Choice
In the context of the fundamentals of genetics, which part of DNA specifically codes for traits (i.e., contains the information to produce a functional product that can affect phenotype)?
A
The phosphate groups in the DNA backbone
B
A gene (a DNA sequence that encodes a functional product, such as an RNA or protein)
C
Centromeres (chromosome regions important for segregation during cell division)
D
Telomeres (repetitive DNA sequences at chromosome ends)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that DNA is composed of different regions, each with specific functions. The backbone of DNA, made of phosphate groups and sugars, provides structural support but does not code for traits.
Recognize that centromeres are specialized regions on chromosomes that play a role in chromosome movement during cell division, but they do not contain information to produce functional products.
Know that telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes that protect chromosome integrity but do not code for traits or functional products.
Identify that genes are specific sequences of DNA that contain the instructions to produce functional products, such as RNA or proteins, which can influence an organism's phenotype.
Conclude that the part of DNA that specifically codes for traits is the gene, as it carries the genetic information necessary to produce functional molecules affecting phenotype.
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