Textbook Question
Describe the difference between DNA transposons and retrotransposons.
16. Transposable Elements
Discovery of Transposable Elements
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How can the presence of transposable elements within a cell increase genetic diversity?
A
By preventing DNA replication
B
By stabilizing the genome and reducing recombination
C
By directly synthesizing new proteins
D
By causing mutations through insertion into new genomic locations
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand what transposable elements (TEs) are: they are DNA sequences that can move from one location to another within the genome.
Recognize that when TEs insert themselves into new genomic locations, they can disrupt normal gene function or regulatory regions, leading to mutations.
Consider how these mutations can create new genetic variations by altering gene expression or protein function, which contributes to genetic diversity.
Note that TEs do not prevent DNA replication, stabilize the genome, or directly synthesize proteins; their main impact is through causing mutations.
Conclude that the presence of transposable elements increases genetic diversity primarily by causing mutations through their insertion into new genomic sites.
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