Multiple Choice
The two general categories of DNA repair are:
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17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination
DNA Repair
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How does semi-conservative replication contribute to the prevention of mutations during DNA replication?
A
Semi-conservative replication increases the mutation rate by introducing random changes in both strands.
B
Semi-conservative replication uses entirely new nucleotides for both strands, eliminating the need for proofreading.
C
Each new DNA molecule contains one original strand, which serves as a template for accurate copying and allows for proofreading and error correction.
D
It prevents mutations by ensuring that both strands of DNA are synthesized simultaneously without any template.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of semi-conservative replication: during DNA replication, each of the two new DNA molecules contains one original (parental) strand and one newly synthesized strand.
Recognize that the original strand acts as a template for the new strand, providing a reliable pattern for the DNA polymerase enzyme to follow when adding complementary nucleotides.
Know that DNA polymerase has proofreading ability, meaning it can detect and correct errors by comparing the newly added nucleotides against the template strand, reducing the chance of mutations.
Realize that because one strand is original and error-free, the replication process is more accurate than if both strands were newly synthesized without a template.
Conclude that semi-conservative replication helps prevent mutations by using the original strand as a guide, enabling error correction mechanisms to maintain genetic fidelity during DNA replication.
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