Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

10. Transcription

RNA Modification and Processing

Genetics

10. Transcription

RNA Modification and Processing

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following processes helps ensure that the bases in RNA are properly paired during RNA modification and processing?

Proofreading by RNA polymerase during transcription

Splicing of introns by the spliceosome

Addition of a 5' cap to the mRNA

Polyadenylation at the 3' end of the mRNA

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the context of RNA modification and processing, which includes several steps after transcription such as capping, splicing, and polyadenylation.

Step 2: Recognize that proper base pairing during RNA synthesis is primarily ensured during transcription, where RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA complementary to the DNA template.

Step 3: Identify that proofreading is a mechanism by which RNA polymerase checks and corrects errors in base pairing as it adds nucleotides, ensuring fidelity in the RNA sequence.

Step 4: Differentiate this from other RNA processing steps: splicing removes introns, 5' capping protects the RNA and aids in translation, and polyadenylation adds a tail for stability, none of which directly involve base pairing accuracy.

Step 5: Conclude that the process responsible for ensuring correct base pairing during RNA synthesis is proofreading by RNA polymerase during transcription.