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1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination

DNA Repair

Genetics

17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination

DNA Repair

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Multiple Choice

Proofreading by DNA polymerase involves the removal of which of the following during DNA replication?

RNA primers

Phosphate groups from the DNA backbone

Ribose sugars

Incorrectly paired nucleotides

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of DNA polymerase during DNA replication, which is to synthesize a new strand of DNA complementary to the template strand.

Recognize that DNA polymerase has a proofreading function, which means it can identify and remove incorrectly paired nucleotides that were mistakenly incorporated during replication.

Recall that RNA primers are removed by a different enzyme called RNase H or DNA polymerase I in prokaryotes, not by the proofreading activity of DNA polymerase.

Note that phosphate groups and ribose sugars are structural components of the DNA backbone and are not removed during proofreading; the proofreading specifically targets mismatched bases.

Conclude that the proofreading activity of DNA polymerase involves the removal of incorrectly paired nucleotides to ensure high fidelity in DNA replication.