Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

20. Quantitative Genetics

Analyzing Trait Variance

Genetics

20. Quantitative Genetics

Analyzing Trait Variance

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1:29 minutes

Problem 31a

Textbook Question

A total of 20 men and 20 women volunteer to participate in a statistics project. The height and weight of each subject are given in the table. Draw one histogram for the height of the subjects and a separate histogram for weight. Use different colors for men and women so that you can visually compare the distributions by sex and plot weights in 10-lb intervals (i.e., 90–99 lb, 100–109 lb, 110–119 lb, etc.).

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Organize the data by separating the height and weight values for men and women into two distinct groups. This will help in plotting the histograms clearly for each sex.

Step 2: Decide on the bin intervals for the histograms. For height, choose appropriate intervals (e.g., 5 or 10 cm/inches) that cover the range of heights for all subjects. For weight, use the specified 10-lb intervals such as 90–99 lb, 100–109 lb, 110–119 lb, and so on.

Step 3: Count the number of men and women whose heights fall into each height interval. Repeat this counting process for weights using the 10-lb intervals, separately for men and women.

Step 4: Draw two separate histograms: one for height and one for weight. Use different colors to represent men and women in each histogram, so that the distributions can be visually compared side by side within each bin.

Step 5: Label the axes clearly—x-axis with the height or weight intervals, and y-axis with the frequency (number of subjects). Add a legend to indicate which color corresponds to men and which to women.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Histogram Construction

A histogram is a graphical representation of data distribution using bars to show frequency within specified intervals or bins. Each bar's height reflects the number of data points in that range. Understanding how to group continuous data into intervals is essential for creating meaningful histograms.

Data Stratification by Categories

Stratifying data involves separating it into distinct groups, such as men and women, to compare distributions within each category. Using different colors for each group in a histogram helps visually distinguish and analyze differences or similarities between these subpopulations.

Interval Binning for Weight Data

Interval binning groups continuous data into fixed ranges, such as 10-lb intervals for weight (e.g., 90–99 lb). This simplifies data visualization and comparison by standardizing the scale and making patterns or trends easier to identify across groups.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

A total of 20 men and 20 women volunteer to participate in a statistics project. The height and weight of each subject are given in the table. Calculate the mean, variance, and standard deviation for height and weight in men and women.

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Textbook Question

A total of 20 men and 20 women volunteer to participate in a statistics project. The height and weight of each subject are given in the table. Compare the numerical values with the visual distribution of heights and weights you drew in the histograms and describe whether you think your visual impression matches the numerical values.

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Textbook Question

A three-gene system of additive genes (A, B, and C) controls plant height. Each gene has two alleles (A and a, B and b, and C and c). There is dominance among the alleles of each gene, with alleles A, B, and C dominant over a, b, and c. Under this scheme, the dominant genotype for a gene contributes 10 cm to height potential, and the recessive genotype contributes 4 cm. What is the height potential of the F₁ progeny of the homozygous plants identified in (a) and (b) of this problem?

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Textbook Question

A three-gene system of additive genes (A, B, and C) controls plant height. Each gene has two alleles (A and a, B and b, and C and c). There is dominance among the alleles of each gene, with alleles A, B, and C dominant over a, b, and c. Under this scheme, the dominant genotype for a gene contributes 10 cm to height potential, and the recessive genotype contributes 4 cm. What are the phenotypes and proportions of each phenotype among the F₂?

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following represent trait variation caused from genetic variation?

If you wanted to identify what proportion of trait variation is due to the environment, you would do what?

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