Multiple Choice
Which of the following base pairings is incorrect in DNA?
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3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance
Understanding Independent Assortment
Multiple Choice
In the context of meiosis, what does the principle of independent assortment state?
A
Crossing over between homologous chromosomes occurs during metaphase I, producing identical gametes by exchanging equal DNA segments.
B
Homologous chromosomes remain paired through meiosis II so that linked genes are always inherited together.
C
Alleles of different genes segregate into gametes independently of one another due to the random orientation of homologous chromosome pairs at metaphase I.
D
Sister chromatids separate during anaphase I, ensuring that each gamete receives one chromatid from each chromosome.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the principle of independent assortment is a fundamental concept in genetics related to how alleles of different genes are distributed into gametes during meiosis.
Recall that during metaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosome pairs align randomly at the metaphase plate, which means the orientation of each pair is independent of the others.
Recognize that this random orientation leads to the independent segregation of alleles for different genes located on different chromosomes, meaning the inheritance of one gene's allele does not influence the inheritance of another gene's allele.
Note that this principle explains genetic variation because it produces gametes with different combinations of alleles, increasing diversity in offspring.
Summarize the principle as: 'Alleles of different genes segregate into gametes independently of one another due to the random orientation of homologous chromosome pairs at metaphase I.'
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