Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance

Understanding Independent Assortment

Genetics

3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance

Understanding Independent Assortment

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2:54 minutes

Problem 33b

Textbook Question

An organism having the genotype AaBbCcDdEe is self-fertilized. Assuming the five genes assort independently, determine the following proportions:

Progeny that are expected to have a genotype identical to that of the parent.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the genotype of the parent organism, which is AaBbCcDdEe. Each gene pair (e.g., Aa, Bb, etc.) is heterozygous, meaning it has one dominant allele and one recessive allele.

To determine the probability of progeny having a genotype identical to the parent, calculate the probability of inheriting the same allele combination for each gene pair. For a heterozygous pair (e.g., Aa), the probability of inheriting the same combination (Aa) is 1/2.

Since the five genes assort independently, the overall probability of inheriting the exact parental genotype is the product of the probabilities for each gene pair. Use the formula: \( P = \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{2} \).

Simplify the expression to calculate the overall probability of progeny having the same genotype as the parent. This involves multiplying the fractions together.

Express the final probability as a fraction or percentage, which represents the proportion of progeny expected to have a genotype identical to the parent.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Independent Assortment

Independent assortment is a fundamental principle of genetics stating that alleles for different genes segregate independently of one another during gamete formation. This means that the inheritance of one trait will not affect the inheritance of another, allowing for a variety of combinations in the offspring's genotype.

Genotype and Phenotype

A genotype refers to the specific genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses for a given trait. In contrast, the phenotype is the observable expression of those genes, influenced by both the genotype and environmental factors. Understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype is crucial for predicting the traits of progeny.

Punnett Square

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms. By organizing the possible gametes from each parent, it allows for the visualization of potential genotypes in the offspring, making it easier to calculate the expected proportions of each genotype resulting from a genetic cross.

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A woman expressing a dominant phenotype is heterozygous (Dd) for the gene.

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colorless (aaBBCC) × green (AABBcc)

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An organism having the genotype AaBbCcDdEe is self-fertilized. Assuming the five genes assort independently, determine the following proportions:

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Textbook Question

An organism having the genotype AaBbCcDdEe is self-fertilized. Assuming the five genes assort independently, determine the following proportions:

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421