Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

7. DNA and Chromosome Structure

DNA Structure

Genetics

7. DNA and Chromosome Structure

DNA Structure

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3:06 minutes

Problem 5a

Textbook Question

One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the sequence 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.
What is the sequence of the other strand in the duplex?

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the sequence of the given DNA strand: 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.

Recall the base-pairing rules in DNA: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

Write the complementary sequence by pairing each base with its complement: A pairs with T, T pairs with A, C pairs with G, and G pairs with C.

Reverse the direction of the complementary strand to ensure it is written in the 5' to 3' direction, as DNA strands are antiparallel.

The final complementary sequence will be the reverse complement of the original strand, written in the 5' to 3' orientation.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Complementary Base Pairing

In DNA, the two strands are held together by complementary base pairing, where adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). This means that for every A in one strand, there is a T in the opposite strand, and for every C, there is a G. Understanding this pairing is essential for determining the sequence of the complementary strand.

DNA Strand Orientation

DNA strands have directionality, indicated by the 5' and 3' ends. The 5' end has a phosphate group, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group. When writing DNA sequences, the convention is to list them from the 5' to 3' direction, which is crucial for accurately determining the complementary strand's sequence.

Antiparallel Structure of DNA

The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions, a feature known as antiparallel orientation. This means that if one strand runs from 5' to 3', the complementary strand runs from 3' to 5'. This structural characteristic is important for understanding how the strands interact and how replication and transcription processes occur.

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Textbook Question

One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the sequence 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.

What enzymes catalyze the reaction in part (d)?

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Textbook Question

One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the sequence 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.

Which chemical groups of nucleotides react to form the bond in part (b)?

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Textbook Question

One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the sequence 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.

Is the bond in part (b) a covalent or a noncovalent bond?

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Textbook Question

One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the sequence 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.

What is the name of the bond that joins one nucleotide to another in the DNA strand?

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Textbook Question

The principles of complementary base pairing and antiparallel polarity of nucleic acid strands in a duplex are universal for the formation of nucleic acid duplexes. What is the chemical basis for this universality?

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Textbook Question

For the following fragment of DNA, determine the number of hydrogen bonds and the number of phosphodiester bonds present:

5'-ACGTAGAGTGCTC-3'

3'-TGCATCTCACGAG-5'

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Textbook Question

The following figure (Figure 1.6) presents simplified depictions of nucleotides containing deoxyribose, a nucleotide base, and a phosphate group. Use this simplified method of representation to illustrate the sequence 3'-AGTCGAT-5' and its complementary partner in a DNA duplex.

How many hydrogen bonds are present in this DNA duplex?

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Textbook Question

How many phosphodiester bonds are present in this DNA duplex?

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