Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

6. Chromosomal Variation

Chromosomal Rearrangements: Inversions

Genetics

6. Chromosomal Variation

Chromosomal Rearrangements: Inversions

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3:52 minutes

Problem 7a

Textbook Question

From the following list, identify the types of chromosome changes you expect to show phenotypic consequences.
Pericentric inversion

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of a pericentric inversion: A pericentric inversion is a type of chromosomal rearrangement where a segment of a chromosome that includes the centromere is inverted (flipped 180 degrees). This inversion changes the order of genes on the chromosome.

Consider the potential effects of a pericentric inversion: While the inversion itself may not disrupt gene function, it can lead to phenotypic consequences during meiosis due to improper pairing and crossing over between homologous chromosomes.

Analyze the impact on gamete formation: During meiosis, homologous chromosomes align and exchange genetic material. If one chromosome has a pericentric inversion, misalignment can occur, leading to the production of gametes with duplications or deletions of genetic material.

Evaluate the phenotypic consequences: Gametes with duplications or deletions can result in zygotes with imbalanced genetic material, which may cause developmental abnormalities or other phenotypic effects in the organism.

Conclude that pericentric inversions can show phenotypic consequences, particularly due to their effects on gamete viability and the potential for genetic imbalances in offspring.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Chromosome Structure

Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain DNA and proteins. They are essential for the proper segregation of genetic material during cell division. Changes in chromosome structure, such as inversions, can disrupt gene function and lead to phenotypic variations.

Pericentric Inversion

A pericentric inversion is a type of chromosomal rearrangement where a segment of a chromosome is inverted and includes the centromere. This alteration can affect gene expression and recombination during meiosis, potentially leading to genetic disorders or variations in phenotype.

Phenotypic Consequences

Phenotypic consequences refer to the observable traits or characteristics that result from genetic variations. Changes in chromosome structure, such as pericentric inversions, can lead to alterations in gene dosage or function, ultimately affecting an organism's phenotype, including physical traits and susceptibility to diseases.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

A pair of homologous chromosomes in Drosophila has the following content (single letters represent genes):

Chromosome 1RNMDHBGKWU

Chromosome 2RNMDHBDHBGKWU

How does the pairing diagrammed in part (b) differ from the pairing of chromosomes in an inversion heterozygote?

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Textbook Question

What roles have inversions and translocations played in the evolutionary process?

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Multiple Choice

A person has a WT chromosome with the following segments. A B C • D E F G H. Which of the following shows how the chromosome would look after an paracentric inversion?

A person has a WT chromosome with the following segments. A B C • D E F G H. Which of the following shows how the chromosome would look after a pericentric inversion?

Inversions are said to 'suppress crossing over.' Is this terminology technically correct? If not, restate the description accurately.

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Textbook Question

Contrast the genetic composition of gametes derived from tetrads of inversion heterozygotes where crossing over occurs within a paracentric versus a pericentric inversion.

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Textbook Question

A normal chromosome and its homolog carrying a paracentric inversion are shown here. The dot (·) represents the centromere.

Normal ABC • DEFGHIJK

Inversion abc • djihgfe

Assume a crossover takes place in the region between A and B. Identify the gametes that are formed by this crossover event, and indicate which, if any, gametes are viable.

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Textbook Question

A normal chromosome and its homolog carrying a paracentric inversion are shown here. The dot (·) represents the centromere.

Normal ABC • DEFGHIJK

Inversion abc • djihgfe

Assume a crossover takes place in the region between F and G. Identify the gametes that are formed following this crossover, and indicate which, if any, gametes are viable.

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From the following list, identify the types of chromosome changes you expect to show phenotypic consequences.Pericentric inversion

Key Concepts

Chromosome Structure

Pericentric Inversion

Phenotypic Consequences

Watch next

From the following list, identify the types of chromosome changes you expect to show phenotypic consequences.
Pericentric inversion