Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

11. Translation

Translation

Genetics

11. Translation

Translation

Previous problemNext problem

1:54 minutes

Problem 1a

Textbook Question

Some proteins are composed of two or more polypeptides. Suppose the DNA template strand sequence 3′-TACGTAGGCTAACGGAGTAAGCTAACT-5′ produces a polypeptide that joins in pairs to form a functional protein. What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide produced from this sequence?

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the DNA template strand sequence provided: 3′-TACGTAGGCTAACGGAGTAAGCTAACT-5′.

Determine the complementary mRNA sequence by transcribing the DNA template strand. Remember that RNA uses uracil (U) instead of thymine (T). The complementary mRNA sequence will be 5′-AUGCAUCCGAUUGCCUCAUUCGAUUGA-3′.

Divide the mRNA sequence into codons (groups of three nucleotides), starting from the 5′ end. For example: AUG, CAU, CCG, etc.

Use the genetic code to translate each codon into its corresponding amino acid. For instance, AUG codes for methionine (start codon), and so on. Continue translating until you encounter a stop codon (e.g., UGA).

Write down the amino acid sequence produced from the translation process. This sequence represents the polypeptide that will pair with another identical polypeptide to form the functional protein.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

DNA Transcription

DNA transcription is the process by which a segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase. The DNA template strand is read in the 3' to 5' direction, and the resulting RNA strand is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction. This process is crucial for producing messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Translation and Codons

Translation is the process by which the mRNA sequence is decoded to synthesize a polypeptide chain. The mRNA is read in sets of three nucleotides called codons, each of which corresponds to a specific amino acid. Understanding the genetic code, which maps codons to amino acids, is essential for determining the amino acid sequence of the resulting polypeptide.

Polypeptide Structure

Polypeptides are chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, and they can fold into specific three-dimensional structures to form functional proteins. The sequence of amino acids, determined by the mRNA, dictates how the polypeptide will fold and function. In the context of the question, knowing how polypeptides can join in pairs to form functional proteins is important for understanding protein structure and function.

Watch next

Master Translation initiation with a bite sized video explanation from Kylia

Start learning

Related Videos

Related Practice

Multiple Choice

In prokaryotes, which of the following sequences is responsible for initiating translation?

The methionine used to initiate translation is the same methionine used during translation elongation.

Which of the following chemical reactions provides the ribosome with the energy required to complete translation?

Which of the following represents the wobble hypothesis?

On what basis have we concluded that proteins are the end products of genetic expression?

650

views

Textbook Question

In this chapter, we focused on the translation of mRNA into proteins as well as on protein structure and function. Along the way, we found many opportunities to consider the methods and reasoning by which much of this information was acquired. From the explanations in the chapter, what answers would you propose to the following fundamental questions:What experimental information verifies that certain codons in mRNA specify chain termination during translation?

601

views

Textbook Question

How do we know, based on studies of Neurospora nutritional mutations, that one gene specifies one enzyme?

597

views

Textbook Question

You conduct a study in which the transcriptional fusion of regulatory sequences of a particular gene with a reporter gene results in relatively uniform expression of the reporter gene in all cells of an organism. A translational fusion with the same gene shows reporter gene expression only in the nucleus of a specific cell type. Discuss some biological causes for the difference in expression patterns of the two transgenes.

430

views

Show more practices

Download the Mobile app

Privacy

Do not sell my personal information

Accessibility

Patent notice

Sitemap