Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Nitrogenous Bases

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Nitrogenous Bases

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2:49 minutes

Problem 1b

Textbook Question

Identify each of the following as a purine or a pyrimidine and name them.
b.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the difference between purines and pyrimidines. Purines are larger, double-ring structures, while pyrimidines are smaller, single-ring structures. This distinction is key to identifying the molecule.

Step 2: Examine the structure provided in the image. Look for the number of rings in the molecule. If it has two fused rings, it is a purine. If it has a single ring, it is a pyrimidine.

Step 3: Identify specific features of the molecule, such as the arrangement of nitrogen atoms and functional groups. Purines typically include adenine and guanine, while pyrimidines include cytosine, thymine, and uracil.

Step 4: Compare the structure in the image to known purine and pyrimidine structures. Match the molecule to its corresponding name based on its unique features.

Step 5: Once identified, classify the molecule as either a purine or pyrimidine and provide its name based on the structural match.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Purines

Purines are one of the two classes of nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids, characterized by a double-ring structure. The two primary purines in DNA and RNA are adenine (A) and guanine (G). These bases play crucial roles in the storage and transfer of genetic information, as they pair with specific pyrimidines during DNA and RNA synthesis.

Pyrimidines

Pyrimidines are the second class of nitrogenous bases, distinguished by a single-ring structure. The main pyrimidines in nucleic acids are cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). In DNA, thymine pairs with adenine, while in RNA, uracil replaces thymine and pairs with adenine, contributing to the overall structure and function of nucleic acids.

Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acids, including DNA and RNA, are biopolymers essential for all known forms of life. They are composed of long chains of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (either purine or pyrimidine). The sequence of these bases encodes genetic information, guiding the synthesis of proteins and regulating cellular activities.

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