Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Nucleoside and Nucleotide Formation

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Nucleoside and Nucleotide Formation

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1:23 minutes

Problem 9a

Textbook Question

Provide the products for each of the following condensation reactions:
a.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the reactants in the condensation reaction. The first reactant is a sugar molecule (ribose or deoxyribose) with hydroxyl groups, and the second reactant is a nitrogenous base (adenine).

Step 2: Recognize the functional groups involved in the reaction. The hydroxyl group (-OH) on the 1' carbon of the sugar will react with the hydrogen atom attached to the nitrogen at position 9 of the nitrogenous base.

Step 3: Understand the mechanism of condensation. A condensation reaction involves the removal of a water molecule (H₂O). In this case, the -OH group from the sugar and the H from the nitrogenous base are removed to form water.

Step 4: Predict the product of the reaction. The sugar and nitrogenous base will form a covalent bond between the 1' carbon of the sugar and the nitrogen at position 9 of the base, resulting in a nucleoside.

Step 5: Note the structural change. The product will consist of the sugar molecule covalently bonded to the nitrogenous base, with the water molecule released as a byproduct.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Condensation Reaction

A condensation reaction is a chemical process where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, accompanied by the loss of a small molecule, often water. In the context of nucleoside and nucleotide formation, this reaction typically involves the joining of a sugar and a nitrogenous base, resulting in the formation of a glycosidic bond.

Nucleoside

A nucleoside is a structural component of nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine/uracil) attached to a sugar molecule (ribose or deoxyribose). Nucleosides are formed through condensation reactions between a sugar and a base, and they serve as the building blocks for nucleotides.

Nucleotide

A nucleotide is a basic unit of nucleic acids, composed of a nucleoside linked to one or more phosphate groups. Nucleotides are formed from nucleosides through additional condensation reactions that attach phosphate groups, and they play crucial roles in cellular processes, including energy transfer and genetic information storage.

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