Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

22. Carbohydrate Metabolism

Total Energy from Glucose

GOB Chemistry

22. Carbohydrate Metabolism

Total Energy from Glucose

Previous problemNext problem

1:58 minutes

Problem 73b

Textbook Question

How many moles of ATP are generated from the catabolism of fructose (by glycolysis) in
(b) muscle cells?

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the context: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose or fructose into pyruvate, generating ATP in the process. In muscle cells, glycolysis occurs anaerobically (without oxygen).

Recall the key stoichiometry of glycolysis: For each molecule of fructose (C6H12O6) that enters glycolysis, it is converted into two molecules of pyruvate. During this process, a net of 2 ATP molecules are produced per molecule of fructose.

Set up the relationship: The number of moles of ATP generated is directly proportional to the number of moles of fructose metabolized. Specifically, for every 1 mole of fructose, 2 moles of ATP are produced.

Write the mathematical expression: If the number of moles of fructose is denoted as \( n_{\text{fructose}} \), then the number of moles of ATP generated is \( n_{\text{ATP}} = 2 \times n_{\text{fructose}} \).

To find the exact number of moles of ATP, substitute the given number of moles of fructose (if provided) into the equation \( n_{\text{ATP}} = 2 \times n_{\text{fructose}} \). If no specific value is given, the relationship remains as described.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above

Video duration:

Play a video:

Was this helpful?

Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose or other sugars, such as fructose, into pyruvate, producing energy in the form of ATP. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and consists of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. In muscle cells, glycolysis is crucial for generating ATP quickly, especially during anaerobic conditions.

ATP Yield from Fructose

The catabolism of fructose through glycolysis yields a specific amount of ATP. Fructose is phosphorylated and enters the glycolytic pathway, ultimately producing two molecules of pyruvate. Each molecule of pyruvate can generate a net gain of 2 ATP during glycolysis, leading to a total of 4 ATP from one molecule of fructose, considering the initial investment of 2 ATP.

Muscle Cell Metabolism

Muscle cells have a unique metabolic profile that allows them to efficiently produce ATP during physical activity. They rely heavily on glycolysis for rapid ATP production, especially under anaerobic conditions. This is important for muscle contraction and energy supply during intense exercise, where oxygen availability may be limited.