Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

17. Amines

Classifying Amines

GOB Chemistry

17. Amines

Classifying Amines

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Problem 1a

Textbook Question

Identify the following compounds as primary, secondary, or tertiary amines.
a. CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₂NH₂

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the structure of an amine. Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH₃) by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. They are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom.

Step 2: Analyze the given compound, CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₂NH₂. This can be rewritten as CH₃-(CH₂)₅-NH₂, where the NH₂ group is attached to the end of a six-carbon chain.

Step 3: Determine the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. In this case, the nitrogen atom is bonded to one alkyl group (a six-carbon chain) and two hydrogen atoms.

Step 4: Recall the classification criteria: A primary amine has one alkyl or aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom, a secondary amine has two, and a tertiary amine has three. Since this nitrogen atom is bonded to one alkyl group and two hydrogens, it is classified as a primary amine.

Step 5: Conclude that the compound CH₃(CH₂)₄CH₂NH₂ is a primary amine based on the analysis of its structure and bonding.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Amines

Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH₃) by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. They are classified based on the number of carbon-containing groups attached to the nitrogen atom: primary amines have one carbon group, secondary amines have two, and tertiary amines have three. Understanding this classification is essential for identifying the type of amine in a given compound.

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Amines

The classification of amines into primary, secondary, and tertiary is based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the nitrogen atom. A primary amine has one carbon group (R-NH₂), a secondary amine has two (R₂NH), and a tertiary amine has three (R₃N). This distinction is crucial for predicting the chemical behavior and reactivity of the amines in various reactions.

Structural Representation

Understanding the structural representation of organic compounds is vital for identifying functional groups and classifying compounds. In the case of CH₃(CH₂)₄ CH₂NH₂, the structure indicates that the nitrogen atom is bonded to one carbon chain (the alkyl group) and two hydrogen atoms, which confirms it as a primary amine. Recognizing these structural features allows for accurate classification and analysis of amines.