Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

19. Enzymes

Enzyme Classification

GOB Chemistry

19. Enzymes

Enzyme Classification

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1:11 minutes

Problem 24d

Textbook Question

The reaction that follows is catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase and occurs in two steps, the first of which (step A) is formation of an unstable intermediates (shown in brackets).

d. To what class of enzymes does isocitrate dehydrogenase, the enzyme that catalyzes this reaction, belong?

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the role of isocitrate dehydrogenase in the reaction. This enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of isocitrate to form an intermediate, which is then further processed in the reaction. Enzymes are classified based on the type of reaction they catalyze.

Step 2: Recall the six major classes of enzymes: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases. Each class corresponds to a specific type of chemical reaction.

Step 3: Analyze the reaction catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase. This reaction involves the removal of hydrogen atoms (oxidation) from isocitrate, which is coupled with the reduction of NAD+ (or NADP+) to NADH (or NADPH).

Step 4: Based on the reaction type, identify the enzyme class. Enzymes that catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions, where electrons are transferred, belong to the oxidoreductase class.

Step 5: Conclude that isocitrate dehydrogenase is classified as an oxidoreductase because it facilitates the oxidation of isocitrate and the reduction of NAD+ (or NADP+).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Enzyme Classification

Enzymes are classified into six main categories based on the type of reaction they catalyze: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases. Isocitrate dehydrogenase falls under the category of oxidoreductases, which facilitate oxidation-reduction reactions by transferring electrons between molecules.

Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Function

Isocitrate dehydrogenase is an important enzyme in the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), where it catalyzes the conversion of isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate. This reaction involves the decarboxylation of isocitrate and the reduction of NAD+ to NADH, playing a crucial role in cellular respiration and energy production.

Enzyme Catalysis Mechanism

Enzyme catalysis involves the lowering of activation energy for a reaction, allowing it to proceed more quickly. In the case of isocitrate dehydrogenase, the enzyme stabilizes the transition state and facilitates the formation of unstable intermediates, which are critical for the reaction's progression and efficiency.

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