Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

10. Acids and Bases

Arrhenius Acid and Base

GOB Chemistry

10. Acids and Bases

Arrhenius Acid and Base

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2:12 minutes

Problem 28

Textbook Question

One of these pictures represents a solution of HCl and one represents a solution of H₂SO₄. Which is which?
a. <IMAGE>
b. <IMAGE>

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Analyze the chemical properties of HCl and H₂SO₄. HCl dissociates into one cation (H⁺) and one anion (Cl⁻), while H₂SO₄ dissociates into two H⁺ cations and one SO₄²⁻ anion.

Step 2: Examine the images provided. Count the number of cations (blue spheres) and anions (red spheres) in each image. Identify which image has a 1:1 ratio of cations to anions (indicative of HCl) and which has a 2:1 ratio of cations to anions (indicative of H₂SO₄).

Step 3: For the image with a 1:1 ratio, assign it to the HCl solution, as HCl dissociates into equal numbers of H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.

Step 4: For the image with a 2:1 ratio, assign it to the H₂SO₄ solution, as H₂SO₄ dissociates into two H⁺ ions for every SO₄²⁻ ion.

Step 5: Confirm your analysis by ensuring the ratios match the expected dissociation patterns of the acids. HCl should have equal numbers of cations and anions, while H₂SO₄ should have twice as many cations as anions.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Strong Acids

Strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), completely dissociate in water, releasing hydrogen ions (H+) and their respective anions. HCl dissociates into H+ and Cl-, while H2SO4 dissociates into H+ and SO4^2-. Understanding this dissociation is crucial for identifying the solutions based on the ions present.

Ion Concentration

The concentration of ions in a solution can indicate the type of acid present. HCl produces one H+ ion and one Cl- ion per molecule, while H2SO4 produces two H+ ions and one SO4^2- ion. Analyzing the ratio and types of cations and anions in the diagrams can help determine which solution corresponds to HCl and which to H2SO4.

Visual Representation of Ions

The diagrams provided visually represent the distribution of cations (blue) and anions (red) in the solutions. By examining the arrangement and quantity of these ions, one can infer the identity of the acid. For instance, a higher density of H+ ions would suggest a stronger acid like H2SO4, while a more balanced distribution may indicate HCl.

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