Textbook Question
Write structural formulas for compounds that meet the following descriptions:
d. A disubstituted benzene with a total of 8 carbons (three possibilities)
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13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds
Naming Benzene
Problem 59b
Textbook Question
Draw the line-angle formula for each of the following:
b. 2,5-dibromophenol
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of the compound. The name '2,5-dibromophenol' indicates that the base structure is a benzene ring (a six-membered aromatic ring with alternating double bonds). The 'phenol' part means there is an -OH group attached to the benzene ring.
Step 2: Identify the positions of the substituents. The '2,5-dibromo' part specifies that there are bromine (Br) atoms attached to the benzene ring at positions 2 and 5. Number the positions on the benzene ring starting from the carbon bonded to the -OH group as position 1, and proceed clockwise or counterclockwise.
Step 3: Draw the benzene ring using the line-angle formula. Represent the benzene ring as a hexagon with alternating double bonds. The vertices of the hexagon represent the carbon atoms.
Step 4: Add the substituents to the benzene ring. Attach the -OH group to position 1 and the bromine atoms (Br) to positions 2 and 5. Ensure the placement of substituents matches the numbering system.
Step 5: Double-check the structure for accuracy. Verify that the substituents are correctly placed and the line-angle formula accurately represents the compound's structure.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Line-Angle Formula
The line-angle formula, also known as the skeletal formula, is a shorthand representation of organic molecules. In this format, vertices represent carbon atoms, and lines represent bonds between them. Hydrogen atoms are typically omitted for carbon atoms, as they are assumed to have enough hydrogen to satisfy carbon's tetravalency. This method simplifies the drawing of complex organic structures, making it easier to visualize and understand molecular geometry.
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Dibromophenol Structure
Dibromophenol refers to a phenolic compound that contains two bromine substituents on a phenol ring. The '2,5-' designation indicates the positions of the bromine atoms on the aromatic ring, specifically at the second and fifth carbon atoms. Understanding the positioning of these substituents is crucial for accurately drawing the line-angle formula, as it affects the overall structure and properties of the compound.
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Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of dibromophenol, the hydroxyl (-OH) group is the functional group that defines its phenolic nature, while the bromine atoms introduce additional reactivity. Recognizing functional groups is essential for predicting the behavior of organic compounds and for accurately representing them in structural formulas.
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