Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions

GOB Chemistry

5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions

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3:11 minutes

Problem 106a

Textbook Question

Propane gas, C₃H₈, undergoes combustion with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water gases. Propane has a density of 2.02 g/L at room temperature.
a. Write the balanced chemical equation.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Write the unbalanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane. Combustion reactions involve a hydrocarbon reacting with oxygen gas (O₂) to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). The unbalanced equation is: C₃H₈ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O.

Step 2: Balance the carbon (C) atoms. Propane (C₃H₈) contains 3 carbon atoms, so you need 3 CO₂ molecules on the product side. The equation becomes: C₃H₈ + O₂ → 3CO₂ + H₂O.

Step 3: Balance the hydrogen (H) atoms. Propane contains 8 hydrogen atoms, so you need 4 H₂O molecules on the product side to balance the hydrogen. The equation now looks like: C₃H₈ + O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O.

Step 4: Balance the oxygen (O) atoms. On the product side, there are 3 CO₂ molecules (3 × 2 = 6 oxygen atoms) and 4 H₂O molecules (4 × 1 = 4 oxygen atoms), for a total of 10 oxygen atoms. On the reactant side, O₂ is diatomic, so you need 5 O₂ molecules to provide 10 oxygen atoms. The balanced equation becomes: C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O.

Step 5: Verify the balance. Check that the number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation. There are 3 carbon atoms, 8 hydrogen atoms, and 10 oxygen atoms on both sides, confirming the equation is balanced.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Combustion Reaction

A combustion reaction is a chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, producing heat and light. In the case of propane (C₃H₈), it combusts in the presence of oxygen (O₂) to yield carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). This type of reaction is essential in understanding energy production in fuels.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balancing chemical equations involves ensuring that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. This is crucial for obeying the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Proper balancing allows for accurate stoichiometric calculations.

Molar Volume and Density

Density is defined as mass per unit volume and is a key property in determining how substances behave in reactions. For gases, the molar volume at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is approximately 22.4 L/mol. Understanding the density of propane (2.02 g/L) helps in calculating the amount of propane available for combustion and its stoichiometric relationships.

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Balance each of the following by adding coefficients, and identify the type of reaction for each:

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Textbook Question

If red spheres represent oxygen atoms, blue spheres represent nitrogen atoms, and all the molecules are gases,

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Textbook Question

Consider the following unbalanced equation:

Al(s) + O₂(g) → Al₂O₃(s)

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Open Question

Ibuprofen is used as an anti-inflammatory agent used to deal with pain and bring down fevers. If it has a molecular formula of C₁₃H₁₈O₂, determine the balanced combustion reaction when it is subjected to high temperatures.

Indicate the type of chemical reaction taking place from the following equation:

Indicate the type of chemical reaction taking place from the following equation:

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