Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Ester Reactions: Esterification

GOB Chemistry

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Ester Reactions: Esterification

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2:09 minutes

Problem 15b

Textbook Question

Draw the condensed structural formula for the ester formed when each of the following reacts with methyl alcohol:
b. pentanoic acid

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the functional groups involved in the reaction: Pentanoic acid contains a carboxylic acid group (-COOH), and methyl alcohol contains a hydroxyl group (-OH). The reaction between these two will form an ester through a condensation reaction.

Understand the esterification process: In esterification, the hydroxyl group (-OH) from the carboxylic acid reacts with the hydrogen atom from the alcohol's hydroxyl group (-OH), releasing a molecule of water (H₂O). The remaining parts combine to form the ester bond (-COO-).

Determine the structure of pentanoic acid: Pentanoic acid has a five-carbon chain with the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) attached to the first carbon. Its condensed structural formula is CH₃(CH₂)₃COOH.

Combine the alcohol and acid: Methyl alcohol (CH₃OH) contributes the methyl group (-CH₃) to the ester. Replace the hydrogen atom of the carboxylic acid's hydroxyl group (-OH) with the methyl group (-CH₃) from methyl alcohol.

Write the condensed structural formula for the ester: The ester formed will have the structure CH₃(CH₂)₃COOCH₃, where the -COO- group connects the pentanoic acid chain to the methyl group from methyl alcohol.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Esterification Reaction

Esterification is a chemical reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid, resulting in the formation of an ester and water. In this process, the hydroxyl group (-OH) from the acid and a hydrogen atom from the alcohol combine to release water, while the remaining parts form the ester. Understanding this reaction is crucial for predicting the structure of the resulting ester.

Condensed Structural Formula

A condensed structural formula is a way of representing a chemical compound that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule without depicting all the bonds explicitly. It provides a simplified view of the molecular structure, indicating how atoms are grouped together. This format is particularly useful for visualizing organic compounds like esters, where functional groups play a significant role.

Pentanoic Acid

Pentanoic acid, also known as valeric acid, is a five-carbon straight-chain carboxylic acid with the formula C5H10O2. It features a carboxyl group (-COOH) at one end of the carbon chain, which is essential for its reactivity in esterification. Recognizing the structure of pentanoic acid is vital for accurately drawing the condensed structural formula of the ester formed when it reacts with methyl alcohol.

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Draw the condensed structural formula for the ester formed when each of the following reacts with methyl alcohol: b. pentanoic acid

Key Concepts

Esterification Reaction

Condensed Structural Formula

Pentanoic Acid

Watch next

Draw the condensed structural formula for the ester formed when each of the following reacts with methyl alcohol:
b. pentanoic acid