Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides

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1:15 minutes

Problem 7b

Textbook Question

Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:
b. deoxycytidine

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide. A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base (a purine or pyrimidine) attached to a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) but does not include a phosphate group. A nucleotide, on the other hand, includes a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and one or more phosphate groups.

Step 2: Analyze the given name, 'deoxycytidine.' The prefix 'deoxy-' indicates that the sugar is deoxyribose, which is a sugar missing an oxygen atom compared to ribose. The base 'cytidine' refers to the nitrogenous base cytosine attached to a sugar.

Step 3: Check if the name includes any mention of a phosphate group. In this case, 'deoxycytidine' does not mention a phosphate group, which is a key component of a nucleotide.

Step 4: Conclude that since 'deoxycytidine' consists of a nitrogenous base (cytosine) and a sugar (deoxyribose) but lacks a phosphate group, it is classified as a nucleoside.

Step 5: To reinforce your understanding, remember that if a phosphate group were present, the name would include terms like 'monophosphate,' 'diphosphate,' or 'triphosphate,' indicating a nucleotide.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nucleoside

A nucleoside is a molecular structure consisting of a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine) attached to a sugar molecule (ribose or deoxyribose). Nucleosides do not contain phosphate groups, distinguishing them from nucleotides. They play a crucial role in the formation of nucleotides and are fundamental components of nucleic acids.

Nucleotide

A nucleotide is a building block of nucleic acids, composed of three components: a nitrogenous base, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and one or more phosphate groups. Nucleotides are essential for various biological functions, including energy transfer (as ATP) and serving as the monomers for DNA and RNA synthesis. The presence of phosphate groups is what differentiates nucleotides from nucleosides.

Deoxycytidine

Deoxycytidine is a specific type of nucleoside that consists of the nitrogenous base cytosine attached to a deoxyribose sugar. It is a key component of DNA, where it pairs with guanine. Understanding its structure helps in distinguishing it from nucleotides, which would include phosphate groups, making deoxycytidine a nucleoside rather than a nucleotide.

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