Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Translation: Protein Synthesis

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Translation: Protein Synthesis

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6:48 minutes

Problem 85b

Textbook Question

Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a 13-amino-acid peptide hormone responsible for pigmentations in hair and skin. Its peptide sequence is shown.
SYSMQHFRWGKPV
b. Suggest an mRNA sequence for the peptide. Show the 5' and 3' ends.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the relationship between amino acids and their corresponding codons. Each amino acid in the peptide sequence is encoded by a specific three-nucleotide sequence (codon) in mRNA. Use the genetic code table to identify the codons for each amino acid.

Step 2: Write the peptide sequence provided: SYSMQHFRWGKPV. For each amino acid, determine its corresponding codon using the genetic code table. For example, Serine (S) can be encoded by UCU, UCC, UCA, or UCG.

Step 3: Construct the mRNA sequence by stringing together the codons for each amino acid in the peptide sequence. Ensure the sequence starts with the 5' end and ends with the 3' end.

Step 4: Double-check the mRNA sequence to ensure that each codon matches the correct amino acid in the peptide sequence. Verify the orientation of the sequence (5' to 3').

Step 5: Present the final mRNA sequence with the 5' and 3' ends clearly labeled. For example, the sequence might look like: 5'-AUGUCU...UAA-3'.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Peptide Synthesis

Peptide synthesis involves the translation of mRNA into a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a peptide. Each amino acid is encoded by a set of three nucleotides in the mRNA, known as a codon. Understanding this process is crucial for determining the corresponding mRNA sequence for a given peptide.

mRNA Codons

mRNA codons are triplet sequences of nucleotides that specify particular amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code is universal, meaning that the same codons correspond to the same amino acids across different organisms. Knowing the codons for each amino acid is essential for translating the peptide sequence into its mRNA equivalent.

5' and 3' Ends of mRNA

The 5' and 3' ends of mRNA refer to the orientation of the nucleotides in the RNA strand. The 5' end is where the phosphate group is attached, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group. This orientation is important for the directionality of translation and for understanding how to properly represent the mRNA sequence derived from a peptide.

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