Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

4. Molecular Compounds

Dipole Moment (Simplified)

GOB Chemistry

4. Molecular Compounds

Dipole Moment (Simplified)

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1:16 minutes

Problem 65

Textbook Question

Which electronegativity difference (a, b, or c) would you expect for a nonpolar covalent bond?
a. from 0.0 to 0.4
b. from 0.5 to 1.8
c. from 1.9 to 3.3

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Recall the definition of a nonpolar covalent bond. A nonpolar covalent bond occurs when two atoms share electrons equally, which happens when the electronegativity difference between the two atoms is very small or zero.

Step 2: Understand the role of electronegativity difference. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract shared electrons in a bond. A small difference in electronegativity (close to 0) indicates equal sharing of electrons, characteristic of a nonpolar covalent bond.

Step 3: Analyze the given ranges of electronegativity differences: (a) 0.0 to 0.4, (b) 0.5 to 1.8, and (c) 1.9 to 3.3. Note that as the difference increases, the bond becomes more polar, and eventually ionic if the difference is very large.

Step 4: Identify the range that corresponds to a nonpolar covalent bond. Since nonpolar covalent bonds have an electronegativity difference close to 0, the range 0.0 to 0.4 (option a) is the most appropriate.

Step 5: Conclude that the electronegativity difference for a nonpolar covalent bond is expected to fall within the range of 0.0 to 0.4, as this indicates minimal or no polarity in the bond.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Electronegativity

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond. It is a key factor in determining the nature of the bond formed between two atoms. The higher the electronegativity, the stronger the atom's pull on the shared electrons.

Covalent Bonds

Covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. The nature of the bond can vary based on the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms. Nonpolar covalent bonds occur when the electronegativity difference is minimal, leading to an equal sharing of electrons.

Electronegativity Difference

The electronegativity difference between two atoms determines the type of bond they will form. A difference of 0.0 to 0.4 typically indicates a nonpolar covalent bond, where electrons are shared equally. In contrast, larger differences suggest polar covalent or ionic bonds, where electron sharing is unequal.