Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Naming Nucleosides and Nucleotides

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2:42 minutes

Problem 57c

Textbook Question

Identify the base and sugar in each of the following nucleotides:
c. dGMP

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the structure of a nucleotide. A nucleotide consists of three components: a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group. In this problem, we are focusing on identifying the base and sugar.

Step 2: Analyze the given nucleotide, dGMP. The 'd' in dGMP stands for 'deoxy,' indicating that the sugar is deoxyribose, which is found in DNA nucleotides.

Step 3: Identify the nitrogenous base. The 'G' in dGMP refers to guanine, which is one of the purine bases in nucleotides.

Step 4: Combine the information. The sugar in dGMP is deoxyribose, and the nitrogenous base is guanine.

Step 5: Confirm your understanding by recalling that dGMP stands for deoxyguanosine monophosphate, where 'deoxyguanosine' refers to the combination of deoxyribose and guanine, and 'monophosphate' indicates the presence of one phosphate group.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nucleotides

Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. Each nucleotide consists of three components: a nitrogenous base, a five-carbon sugar, and one or more phosphate groups. The nitrogenous base can be classified as purines or pyrimidines, while the sugar can be either ribose (in RNA) or deoxyribose (in DNA). Understanding the structure of nucleotides is essential for analyzing their roles in genetic information storage and transfer.

Nitrogenous Bases

Nitrogenous bases are organic molecules that contain nitrogen and are a key component of nucleotides. In the context of DNA, the main nitrogenous bases are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In RNA, uracil (U) replaces thymine. Each base pairs specifically with another (A with T, and G with C in DNA) to form the rungs of the DNA ladder, which is crucial for the double helix structure and genetic coding.

Sugars in Nucleotides

The sugar component of nucleotides is a five-carbon sugar that plays a vital role in the structure of nucleic acids. In DNA, the sugar is deoxyribose, which lacks one oxygen atom compared to ribose, the sugar found in RNA. The sugar connects to the nitrogenous base and the phosphate group, forming the backbone of the nucleic acid strand. Recognizing the type of sugar is important for distinguishing between DNA and RNA nucleotides.

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