Textbook Question
Give the IUPAC name for each of the following:
c.
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15. Aldehydes and Ketones
Naming Ketones
Problem 19b
Textbook Question
Write the IUPAC name for each of the following:
b. <IMAGE>
Verified step by step guidance1
Examine the structure of the compound provided in the image. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule, as this will form the base name of the compound.
Determine the type of functional groups present in the molecule (e.g., alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, etc.) and their positions on the carbon chain.
Number the carbon atoms in the main chain starting from the end closest to the functional group or substituent that has the highest priority according to IUPAC rules.
Identify and name any substituents or branches attached to the main chain. Use prefixes (e.g., methyl-, ethyl-, etc.) and specify their positions based on the numbering of the main chain.
Combine the names of the substituents, the main chain, and the functional group into the full IUPAC name, ensuring proper use of hyphens and commas to separate numbers and names.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It provides a set of rules to create unique names for organic and inorganic compounds based on their structure, functional groups, and other characteristics. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately identifying and communicating the identity of chemical substances.
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Functional Groups
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. They determine the properties and reactivity of organic compounds. Recognizing functional groups is crucial for naming compounds correctly, as they influence the IUPAC name and classification of the compound.
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Structural Representation
Structural representation refers to the way a chemical compound is depicted, showing the arrangement of atoms and the bonds between them. This can include Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal formulas. A clear understanding of structural representation is vital for deriving the correct IUPAC name, as it allows one to identify the backbone of the molecule and its substituents.
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