Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

19. Enzymes

Enzyme Classification

GOB Chemistry

19. Enzymes

Enzyme Classification

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3:31 minutes

Problem 56a

Textbook Question

Adults who are lactose intolerant cannot break down the disaccharide in milk products. To help digest dairy food, a product known as Lactaid can be added to milk and the milk then refrigerated for 24 hours.
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a. What enzyme is present in Lactaid, and what is the major class of this enzyme?

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the problem. The question is asking about the enzyme present in Lactaid and its major class. Lactaid is a product used to help lactose-intolerant individuals digest dairy products by breaking down lactose, a disaccharide found in milk.

Step 2: Recall the enzyme responsible for breaking down lactose. Lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose. The enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lactose into these monosaccharides is called lactase.

Step 3: Identify the major class of the enzyme. Enzymes are categorized into six major classes based on the type of reaction they catalyze. Lactase catalyzes the hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond in lactose, which places it in the class of hydrolases. Hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of bonds using water.

Step 4: Summarize the findings. The enzyme present in Lactaid is lactase, and its major class is hydrolases.

Step 5: Relate this to the context of lactose intolerance. Lactose-intolerant individuals lack sufficient lactase enzyme in their digestive system, so adding Lactaid (which contains lactase) helps break down lactose in milk products, making them easier to digest.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Lactase

Lactase is the enzyme present in Lactaid, which is responsible for breaking down lactose, the disaccharide found in milk. In individuals who are lactose intolerant, the body does not produce enough lactase, leading to digestive issues when consuming dairy products. By adding lactase to milk, lactose is hydrolyzed into glucose and galactose, making it easier to digest.

Enzyme Classification

Enzymes are classified into several major categories based on their function, with lactase belonging to the class of hydrolases. Hydrolases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of chemical bonds, which involves the addition of water to break down larger molecules into smaller ones. This classification is essential for understanding how enzymes like lactase facilitate digestion.

Lactose Intolerance

Lactose intolerance is a common condition where individuals lack sufficient lactase to digest lactose effectively. This leads to symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea after consuming dairy products. Understanding lactose intolerance is crucial for recognizing the importance of lactase supplements like Lactaid in aiding those affected by this condition.

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