Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

9. Solutions

Osmosis

GOB Chemistry

9. Solutions

Osmosis

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1:16 minutes

Problem 84a

Textbook Question

Select the diagram that represents the shape of a red blood cell when placed in each of the following a to e: (9.6)
<IMAGE>
a. 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the concept of tonicity. Tonicity refers to the relative concentration of solutes in a solution compared to the solutes inside a cell. A 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution is considered isotonic to human red blood cells.

Step 2: Analyze the effect of an isotonic solution on red blood cells. In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration inside the cell, so there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane.

Step 3: Predict the shape of the red blood cell in an isotonic solution. Since there is no net movement of water, the red blood cell maintains its normal shape, which is a biconcave disk.

Step 4: Compare the diagrams provided. Diagram A represents a normal red blood cell in its biconcave disk shape, which matches the expected shape in an isotonic solution.

Step 5: Conclude that the correct diagram for a red blood cell in a 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution is Diagram A, as it represents the normal shape of the cell in an isotonic environment.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Red Blood Cell Structure

Red blood cells (RBCs) are biconcave discs that facilitate gas exchange by maximizing surface area. Their unique shape allows them to deform as they navigate through narrow capillaries, ensuring efficient oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal. Understanding this structure is crucial for analyzing how RBCs respond to different osmotic environments.

Osmosis and Tonicity

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Tonicity refers to the relative concentration of solutes in a solution compared to the cell's interior. Solutions can be isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic, affecting the shape and volume of RBCs based on the surrounding environment.

Isotonic Solutions

An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as the inside of the cell, resulting in no net movement of water. In a 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution, which is isotonic to human blood, red blood cells maintain their normal biconcave shape. This concept is essential for understanding how cells behave in different solutions and the importance of maintaining osmotic balance.

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<IMAGE>

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