Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

18. Amino Acids and Proteins

Tertiary Protein Structure

GOB Chemistry

18. Amino Acids and Proteins

Tertiary Protein Structure

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3:37 minutes

Problem 27a

Textbook Question

What type of interaction would you expect between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids in the tertiary structure of a protein?
a. lysine and glutamate

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the side chains of the given amino acids: Lysine has a positively charged amino group (-NH3+) in its side chain, while Glutamate has a negatively charged carboxylate group (-COO-) in its side chain.

Recall that opposite charges attract each other. This type of interaction is known as an ionic bond or salt bridge in the context of protein tertiary structure.

Determine the conditions under which this interaction is most likely to occur. Ionic bonds between side chains are strongest in environments where the pH allows the amino acid side chains to maintain their charges (e.g., lysine remains positively charged and glutamate remains negatively charged).

Understand the role of this interaction in protein structure. Ionic bonds contribute to the stabilization of the protein's tertiary structure by forming strong, specific attractions between oppositely charged side chains.

Conclude that the interaction between lysine and glutamate in the tertiary structure of a protein is an ionic bond (salt bridge) due to the attraction between their oppositely charged side chains.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Amino Acid Side Chains

Amino acids have unique side chains (R groups) that determine their chemical properties and interactions. These side chains can be polar, nonpolar, acidic, or basic, influencing how amino acids interact with each other in a protein's tertiary structure. Understanding the nature of these side chains is crucial for predicting interactions between specific amino acids.

Ionic Interactions

Ionic interactions occur between positively and negatively charged side chains of amino acids. In the case of lysine, which has a positively charged side chain, and glutamate, which has a negatively charged side chain, these two amino acids are likely to form a strong ionic bond. This interaction is significant in stabilizing the protein's tertiary structure.

Tertiary Structure of Proteins

The tertiary structure of a protein refers to its three-dimensional shape formed by the folding of its polypeptide chain. This structure is stabilized by various interactions, including hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, and disulfide bridges. Understanding how specific amino acid interactions contribute to this structure is essential for grasping protein functionality.

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Textbook Question

In myoglobin, about one-half of the 153 amino acids have nonpolar R groups.

a. Where would you expect those amino acids to be located in the tertiary structure?

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Textbook Question

In myoglobin, about one-half of the 153 amino acids have nonpolar R groups.

b. Where would you expect the polar R groups to be in the tertiary structure?

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Textbook Question

When a protein folds into its tertiary structure, does the primary structure change? Explain.

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Textbook Question

What type of interaction would you expect between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids in the tertiary structure of a protein?

b. alanine and valine

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Textbook Question

What type of interaction would you expect between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids in the tertiary structure of a protein?

b. leucine and isoleucine

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Textbook Question

What type of interaction would you expect between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids in the tertiary structure of a protein?

d. glutamine and arginine

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Textbook Question

Myoglobin is a protein containing 153 amino acids. Approximately half of the amino acids in myoglobin have polar side chains.

a. Where would you expect these amino acid side chains to be located in the tertiary structure of the protein?

462

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Textbook Question

Myoglobin is a protein containing 153 amino acids. Approximately half of the amino acids in myoglobin have polar side chains.

b. Where would you expect the nonpolar side chains to be?

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What type of interaction would you expect between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids in the tertiary structure of a protein?a. lysine and glutamate

Key Concepts

Amino Acid Side Chains

Ionic Interactions

Tertiary Structure of Proteins

Watch next

What type of interaction would you expect between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids in the tertiary structure of a protein?
a. lysine and glutamate